Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 8 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
Lists of similar-sounding letters (B, G, V, T) are harder to recall immediately than dissimilar letters (F, K, Y, W). This suggests short-term memory:
A patient with a long history of heavy alcohol use cannot form new memories and fills gaps with invented stories that he believes. This is typical of:
A 9-month-old finds a toy hidden under cloth A several times. The toy is then hidden under cloth B in full view, but the infant searches under A again. This is:
Wynn showed 5-month-olds one doll, then a second doll being added behind a screen. When the screen dropped to reveal only one doll, infants looked longer. This suggests infants:
Groupthink is most likely when a group:
Myers and Bishop found that students high in prejudice became more prejudiced after discussing racial issues with similar students, and low-prejudice students became less prejudiced. Which two explanations are usually given?
Which defence mechanism is shown when someone with strong hostile feelings towards a colleague acts in an excessively friendly way towards them?
A man reports that his left arm became paralysed after a severe argument, but neurological examination shows findings inconsistent with any known neurological disease. Which DSM-5 diagnosis is most likely?
Answer: B · Mainly codes verbal information acoustically
The phonological similarity effect shows that verbal short-term memory relies on sound-based codes. Long-term memory relies more on meaning.
Answer: D · Korsakoff's syndrome
Korsakoff's syndrome causes severe anterograde amnesia, some retrograde amnesia and confabulation, while procedural learning is often relatively preserved.
Answer: D · The A-not-B error
Piaget saw the A-not-B error as evidence that object permanence is still incomplete. Other researchers link it to immature memory and inhibitory control.
Answer: B · Have basic expectations about small numbers
Infants seemed to expect 1 + 1 to make 2. Wynn interpreted this as an early sense of number, though some argue simpler perceptual explanations are possible.
Answer: B · Is highly cohesive, isolated and led by a directive leader
Janis described groupthink as a drive for consensus that suppresses dissent, typical of cohesive, isolated groups under pressure with a strong leader.
Answer: B · Persuasive arguments and social comparison
Group polarisation is explained by hearing more arguments supporting the initial view and by comparing oneself with others to appear a good group member.
Answer: B · Reaction formation
Reaction formation turns an unacceptable impulse into its opposite, often in an exaggerated form.
Answer: D · Functional neurological symptom disorder (conversion disorder)
Functional neurological symptom disorder involves motor or sensory symptoms incompatible with recognised neurological conditions. It does not require proof of a psychological cause or that the symptoms are feigned.
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