Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 8 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
People verify "A robin is a bird" faster than "A penguin is a bird". This finding supports:
When older adults recall autobiographical memories, they recall a disproportionately large number from roughly ages 10 to 30. This is called:
A toddler watches another child have a tantrum and copies it the next day. Piaget saw this deferred imitation as evidence of:
Wynn showed 5-month-olds one doll, then a second doll being added behind a screen. When the screen dropped to reveal only one doll, infants looked longer. This suggests infants:
Rosenthal and Jacobson told teachers that some randomly chosen pupils were about to "bloom" intellectually. Later, these pupils showed larger IQ gains, especially in the youngest classes. This shows:
Janis used the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion as a case study. Which feature of the planning group fits his account of groupthink?
Which treatment is recommended as first-line for chronic insomnia in adults?
A man reports that his left arm became paralysed after a severe argument, but neurological examination shows findings inconsistent with any known neurological disease. Which DSM-5 diagnosis is most likely?
Answer: A · Prototype theory and graded category membership
The typicality effect shows that category membership is graded. Items close to the prototype are classified faster, which the classical definitional view cannot explain.
Answer: A · The reminiscence bump
The reminiscence bump may reflect many novel, identity-forming experiences in adolescence and early adulthood that are well encoded and frequently rehearsed.
Answer: B · Mental representation
Imitating an absent model requires an internal representation of the action. Piaget placed this at the end of the sensorimotor stage.
Answer: C · Have basic expectations about small numbers
Infants seemed to expect 1 + 1 to make 2. Wynn interpreted this as an early sense of number, though some argue simpler perceptual explanations are possible.
Answer: C · A self-fulfilling prophecy from teacher expectations
Teachers' expectations seem to have changed how they treated the pupils, which improved performance. This is known as the Pygmalion effect.
Answer: A · Members suppressed doubts and assumed everyone agreed
Janis described symptoms such as self-censorship, an illusion of unanimity and pressure on dissenters, leading to a poorly examined plan.
Answer: A · Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I)
CBT-I combines sleep restriction, stimulus control, sleep hygiene and cognitive techniques. It has lasting effects and is recommended before hypnotic drugs.
Answer: B · Functional neurological symptom disorder (conversion disorder)
Functional neurological symptom disorder involves motor or sensory symptoms incompatible with recognised neurological conditions. It does not require proof of a psychological cause or that the symptoms are feigned.
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