Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 8 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
Baddeley added the episodic buffer to the working memory model to explain how working memory:
The Stroop effect shows that:
Which feature is typical of infant-directed speech ("parentese")?
Main's Adult Attachment Interview found that parents who describe their own childhood in a coherent, balanced way tend to have infants who:
A website shows "Only 2 left in stock!" to increase sales. Which persuasion principle does this use?
Festinger and Carlsmith paid participants either $1 or $20 to tell others a boring task was fun. Who later rated the task as more enjoyable?
According to Clark's cognitive model of panic, panic attacks arise from:
Expressed emotion research led to family interventions in schizophrenia. Which outcome do these interventions most reliably improve?
Answer: C · Binds information from different sources and from long-term memory
The episodic buffer (added in 2000) is a limited-capacity store that binds information from the subsystems and long-term memory into integrated episodes.
Answer: D · Reading words is so automatic that it interferes with naming the ink colour
Naming the ink colour is slower when the word names a different colour, because word reading happens automatically and competes for the response.
Answer: D · Higher pitch and exaggerated intonation
Infant-directed speech uses higher pitch, slower pace, simple words and exaggerated intonation. Infants prefer it and it may help them pick out words.
Answer: A · Are securely attached in the Strange Situation
Parents classified as "secure-autonomous" on the AAI are more likely to have securely attached infants, consistent with internal working models passing between generations.
Answer: B · Scarcity
Cialdini's scarcity principle states that items or opportunities seem more desirable when they appear limited or about to disappear.
Answer: D · Those paid $1
The $1 group had insufficient external justification, so they reduced dissonance by changing their attitude, rating the task as more enjoyable.
Answer: D · Catastrophic misinterpretation of normal bodily sensations
Clark proposed that people interpret sensations like palpitations or dizziness as signs of imminent disaster, which raises anxiety and the sensations, forming a vicious circle.
Answer: B · Relapse and readmission rates
Family interventions that teach communication and problem solving and reduce criticism lower relapse and readmission, usually alongside medication.
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