Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 6 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
Which finding suggests developmental dysplasia of the hip in an infant?
A 2-week-old suddenly starts vomiting bright green fluid. What should the nurse do?
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). An infusion of 100 units of regular insulin in 100 mL runs at 5 mL/h. How many units per hour D does the patient receive?
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A bag contains dopamine 400 mg in 250 mL. The order is 10 mcg/kg/min for a patient who weighs 93 kg. At what rate R do you set the pump, in mL/h? Round to one decimal place.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). The record shows a patient's intake and output for one 8-hour shift. The IV infusion ran at the rate shown for the whole shift. Find the fluid balance B = intake − output in mL (a negative answer means a net loss). Count ice chips as half their volume.
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A 1000 mL bag runs by pump at 120 mL/h. At 07:00, 700 mL have already been infused. How many hours t until the bag is empty? Round to one decimal place.
Answer: D · Asymmetric skin folds of the thighs or buttocks and limited hip abduction
Signs include asymmetric skin folds, limited abduction, an apparently shorter leg and positive Ortolani or Barlow tests. Treatment in infancy often uses a Pavlik harness.
Answer: D · Treat it as a surgical emergency and get urgent medical review
Bilious vomiting in a newborn suggests bowel obstruction, such as malrotation with volvulus, which can cut off the blood supply to the gut within hours. It needs immediate surgical assessment.
Answer: D = 5 units/h
Heparin and insulin infusions: concentration = units in the bag/bag volume (units/mL). Pump rate (mL/h) = units per hour/concentration, and units per hour = mL/h × concentration. For a weight-based order, units/h = units/kg/h × weight first. A bolus volume = units needed/vial strength. The numbers are for practice only; at the bedside always follow local protocols and have high-risk doses double-checked.
Answer: R = 34.9 mL/h
Titrated drips: first find the concentration in mcg/mL (mg × 1000/mL). For a weight-based order, mcg/min = mcg/kg/min × weight. Then mL/h = mcg/min × 60/concentration. Working backwards, mcg/kg/min = mL/h × concentration/(60 × weight). The numbers are for practice only; at the bedside always follow local protocols and have high-risk doses double-checked.
Answer: B = 15 mL
Intake and output: intake counts everything that goes in (oral fluids, IV infusions, IV medications and flushes, tube feeds); ice chips count as half their volume. Output counts urine, drains, vomit and other losses. Balance = total intake − total output; a negative balance is a net loss. The numbers are for practice only; at the bedside always follow local protocols and have high-risk doses double-checked.
Positive: more fluid went in than came out.
Answer: t = 2.5 h
Infusion time: time (h) = volume to infuse (mL)/rate (mL/h); use the volume still left in the bag, not the bag size. Volume infused = rate × time. Convert decimal hours to hours and minutes with the fraction × 60 (0.5 h = 30 min, not 50 min). The numbers are for practice only; at the bedside always follow local protocols and have high-risk doses double-checked.
That is about 2 h 30 min, so the bag runs out at about 09:30.
ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/pediatric-nursing