1Formulas and methods
Reading comprehension (entrance exams)
Method
- Read the question first so you know what you are looking for.
- Skim the passage for its topic and main point; the first or last sentence often states it.
- Go back to the exact lines that answer the question.
- For inferences, choose the option the clues most strongly support, not one that goes further.
- For labels and tables, apply every rule that fits the case and do the small calculation carefully.
English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)
Method
- Find the subject and the verb of the sentence before choosing a form.
- Strip away phrases (of the …, along with …) and extra people (you and …) to test agreement and pronoun case.
- Check each clause: can it stand alone? Join independent clauses with a comma + conjunction or a semicolon.
- Check modifiers and lists: the describing phrase next to its word, items in the same form.
- For word choice and register, pick the precise, formal and concise option.
Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)
Method
- Read the whole sentence and look for a context clue: a definition, a contrast, an example or a cause and effect.
- Split an unfamiliar word into prefix, root and suffix and translate each part.
- Read a medical term from the suffix back to the start (hepat-itis: inflammation of the liver).
- Put each option into the sentence and check that the meaning still fits.
- Choose the meaning used in this sentence, even if the word has another everyday meaning.
2Practice problems
1.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)Medium
“Marco checked the weather report three times, packed an extra jacket and put an umbrella by the door the night before the school trip.” What can you infer about Marco?
- AHe expects bad weather and likes to be prepared.
- BHe has forgotten the date of the school trip.
- CHe does not really want to go on the school trip.
- DHe thinks the trip will be sunny and warm.
2.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)Hard
“Patient A’s heart rate: 72 at 8 a.m., 74 at noon, 71 at 4 p.m. Patient B’s heart rate: 70 at 8 a.m., 95 at noon, 118 at 4 p.m.” Which patient should the nurse be more concerned about, and why?
- APatient A, because the rate dropped a little at 4 p.m.
- BPatient B, because the rate is rising steadily.
- CPatient B, because the 8 a.m. rate was 70.
- DPatient A, because the rate keeps changing.
3.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)Medium
Which sentence is punctuated correctly with a dependent clause at the end?
- AWe stayed inside because it was raining.
- BWe stayed, inside because it was raining.
- CWe stayed inside because, it was raining.
- DWe stayed inside, because, it was raining.
4.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)Hard
Which task belongs to revising rather than editing?
- ACorrecting a misspelled word
- BReorganising paragraphs so the argument flows logically
- CChanging a lowercase letter to a capital
- DAdding a missing comma
5.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)Medium
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient now meets the criteria for discharge.”
- AFees that must be paid
- BStandards used to judge or decide
- CForms that must be signed by the patient
- DWishes stated by the family
6.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)Hard
Which word means “difficult or laboured breathing”?
- ADyspnoea
- BApnoea
- CEupnoea
- DHyperpnoea
3Solutions
1.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)
Answer: A · He expects bad weather and likes to be prepared.
Why this is the answer
Checking the forecast and packing rain gear show that he expects poor weather and plans ahead. Nothing suggests he dislikes the trip.
A · He expects bad weather and likes to be prepared.
2.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)
Answer: B · Patient B, because the rate is rising steadily.
Why this is the answer
Patient A’s rate stays fairly steady, while Patient B’s climbs from 70 to 118. A steadily rising heart rate is a change that needs attention.
B · Patient B, because the rate is rising steadily.
3.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)
Answer: A · We stayed inside because it was raining.
Why this is the answer
When a dependent clause beginning with “because” follows the main clause, no comma is normally used. A comma is used when the dependent clause comes first.
A · We stayed inside because it was raining.
4.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)
Answer: B · Reorganising paragraphs so the argument flows logically
Why this is the answer
Revising improves ideas, structure and clarity, such as moving paragraphs. Editing and proofreading fix spelling, punctuation and capitalisation.
B · Reorganising paragraphs so the argument flows logically
5.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)
Answer: B · Standards used to judge or decide
Why this is the answer
Criteria (singular: criterion) are the standards used to make a judgement or decision.
B · Standards used to judge or decide
6.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)
Answer: A · Dyspnoea
Why this is the answer
Dyspnoea (US: dyspnea) means difficult breathing; apnoea is absence of breathing and eupnoea is normal breathing.
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