1Formulas and methods
Reading comprehension (entrance exams)
Method
- Read the question first so you know what you are looking for.
- Skim the passage for its topic and main point; the first or last sentence often states it.
- Go back to the exact lines that answer the question.
- For inferences, choose the option the clues most strongly support, not one that goes further.
- For labels and tables, apply every rule that fits the case and do the small calculation carefully.
English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)
Method
- Find the subject and the verb of the sentence before choosing a form.
- Strip away phrases (of the …, along with …) and extra people (you and …) to test agreement and pronoun case.
- Check each clause: can it stand alone? Join independent clauses with a comma + conjunction or a semicolon.
- Check modifiers and lists: the describing phrase next to its word, items in the same form.
- For word choice and register, pick the precise, formal and concise option.
Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)
Method
- Read the whole sentence and look for a context clue: a definition, a contrast, an example or a cause and effect.
- Split an unfamiliar word into prefix, root and suffix and translate each part.
- Read a medical term from the suffix back to the start (hepat-itis: inflammation of the liver).
- Put each option into the sentence and check that the meaning still fits.
- Choose the meaning used in this sentence, even if the word has another everyday meaning.
2Practice problems
1.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)Medium
“Before the nurse entered the isolation room, she put on a gown, gloves and a mask. When she left, she removed them and washed her hands.” What is the most likely reason for these steps?
- ATo follow a dress code for visitors
- BTo keep her uniform clean for lunch
- CTo prevent the spread of infection
- DTo keep the patient warm and comfortable
2.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)Hard
“The old bookshop had survived two wars and a fire. When a huge chain store opened across the street, people expected it to close. Instead, loyal customers organised a reading club there, and sales rose.” What is the central idea?
- AReading clubs are popular only in large cities.
- BChain stores always close small bookshops.
- CCommunity support helped the bookshop survive.
- DThe bookshop was badly damaged by the chain store.
3.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)Medium
In formal English, which word politely asks for permission? “___ I leave early today?”
- AWould
- BWill
- CMust
- DMay
4.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)Hard
Which sentence follows the American rule of “that” for essential clauses and “which” for nonessential clauses?
- AThe form which you need is on the desk, that is near the door.
- BThe form, that you need, is on the desk which is near the door.
- CThe form that you need is on the desk, which is near the door.
- DThe form, which you need is on the desk that, is near the door.
5.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)Medium
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Drinking enough fluids helps prevent constipation.”
- AFrequent, loose stools
- BPainful urination
- CStomach cramps after meals
- DDifficulty passing stools
6.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)Hard
What does the term pericarditis mean?
- AEnlargement of the heart
- BInflammation of the muscle tissue of the heart wall
- CSlow heart rate
- DInflammation of the sac around the heart
3Solutions
1.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)
Answer: C · To prevent the spread of infection
Why this is the answer
Isolation rooms are used to stop infections spreading. Protective equipment and handwashing reduce the spread of germs.
C · To prevent the spread of infection
2.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)
Answer: C · Community support helped the bookshop survive.
Why this is the answer
People expected the shop to close, but loyal customers formed a reading club and sales rose, showing that community support kept it going.
C · Community support helped the bookshop survive.
3.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)
Answer: D · May
Why this is the answer
“May” asks for or gives permission in formal English. “Must” shows obligation and “will” refers to the future.
4.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)
Answer: C · The form that you need is on the desk, which is near the door.
Why this is the answer
“That you need” identifies the form, so it is essential and has no commas. “Which is near the door” adds extra information about the desk, so it follows a comma.
C · The form that you need is on the desk, which is near the door.
5.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)
Answer: D · Difficulty passing stools
Why this is the answer
Constipation means infrequent or difficult bowel movements, often with hard stools.
D · Difficulty passing stools
6.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)
Answer: D · Inflammation of the sac around the heart
Why this is the answer
Peri- (around) + cardi/o (heart) + -itis (inflammation): inflammation of the pericardium. Heart muscle inflammation is myocarditis.
D · Inflammation of the sac around the heart
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