1Formulas and methods
Reading comprehension (entrance exams)
Method
- Read the question first so you know what you are looking for.
- Skim the passage for its topic and main point; the first or last sentence often states it.
- Go back to the exact lines that answer the question.
- For inferences, choose the option the clues most strongly support, not one that goes further.
- For labels and tables, apply every rule that fits the case and do the small calculation carefully.
English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)
Method
- Find the subject and the verb of the sentence before choosing a form.
- Strip away phrases (of the …, along with …) and extra people (you and …) to test agreement and pronoun case.
- Check each clause: can it stand alone? Join independent clauses with a comma + conjunction or a semicolon.
- Check modifiers and lists: the describing phrase next to its word, items in the same form.
- For word choice and register, pick the precise, formal and concise option.
Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)
Method
- Read the whole sentence and look for a context clue: a definition, a contrast, an example or a cause and effect.
- Split an unfamiliar word into prefix, root and suffix and translate each part.
- Read a medical term from the suffix back to the start (hepat-itis: inflammation of the liver).
- Put each option into the sentence and check that the meaning still fits.
- Choose the meaning used in this sentence, even if the word has another everyday meaning.
2Practice problems
1.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)Medium
Wetlands such as marshes and swamps act like natural sponges. They soak up rainwater and release it slowly, which reduces flooding downstream. They also filter pollution from the water. Which sentence best summarises the passage?
- AWetlands are found only near the ocean.
- BWetlands cause flooding after heavy rain.
- CWetlands reduce flooding and clean water.
- DSwamps are more useful than marshes.
2.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)Hard
“Sugar-free drinks are often advertised as healthy. However, being free of sugar does not mean a drink has any nutrients, and some contain acids that can harm tooth enamel.” What is the author’s main point?
- AEvery drink contains acids that harm teeth.
- BSugar-free does not automatically mean healthy.
- CSugar-free drinks are dangerous to drink.
- DSugary drinks are better for your teeth.
3.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)Medium
Which title should be placed in quotation marks rather than italicised?
- AA newspaper
- BA feature film
- CA short poem
- DA full-length novel
4.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)Hard
Which sentence would work best as a thesis statement for an essay?
- AHospitals should limit nurses’ shifts to twelve hours to reduce fatigue-related errors.
- BNurses work in hospitals and in many other places.
- CThis essay is going to be about nurses and their shifts.
- DMany people have different opinions about nursing.
5.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)Medium
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The footballer had a large contusion on his thigh.”
- AA bruise
- BA broken bone
- CA deep cut
- DA blister
6.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)Hard
What does the term thrombocytopenia mean?
- AA low number of red blood cells
- BA blood clot in a deep vein
- CA low number of platelets
- DA high number of platelets
3Solutions
1.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)
Answer: C · Wetlands reduce flooding and clean water.
Why this is the answer
The passage describes two benefits of wetlands: they reduce flooding by holding water and they filter pollution.
C · Wetlands reduce flooding and clean water.
2.Reading comprehension (entrance exams)
Answer: B · Sugar-free does not automatically mean healthy.
Why this is the answer
The author questions the idea that sugar-free means healthy, noting a lack of nutrients and possible harm to enamel. The author does not call them dangerous or praise sugary drinks.
B · Sugar-free does not automatically mean healthy.
3.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)
Answer: C · A short poem
Why this is the answer
Titles of short works such as poems, articles, songs and chapters go in quotation marks. Long works such as books, newspapers and films are italicised.
4.English grammar & language usage (entrance exams)
Answer: A · Hospitals should limit nurses’ shifts to twelve hours to reduce fatigue-related errors.
Why this is the answer
A thesis statement states a clear, arguable main point. A makes a specific claim with a reason; the others are facts, announcements or vague statements.
A · Hospitals should limit nurses’ shifts to twelve hours to reduce fatigue-related errors.
5.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)
Answer: A · A bruise
Why this is the answer
A contusion is a bruise caused by a blow that damages small blood vessels under the skin.
6.Healthcare vocabulary (entrance exams)
Answer: C · A low number of platelets
Why this is the answer
Thrombocytopenia is a deficiency of platelets (thrombocytes), which raises the risk of bleeding.
C · A low number of platelets
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