Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 16 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
“I can’t believe they cancelled the concert again,” Mia sighed, throwing the tickets on the table. “That’s the third time this year.” What is Mia’s tone?
The author writes: “If we let students use calculators in maths class, soon they will forget how to add, then they won’t be able to manage money, and eventually our economy will collapse.” What type of flawed reasoning is this?
A recipe uses 3.75 cups of flour for 5 batches of muffins. At the same rate, how many cups of flour x are needed for 12 batches?
In a 20% off sale, a stethoscope costs $96. What was the original price x, in dollars?
The rotator cuff consists of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and which other muscle?
Which structure passes through the inguinal canal in males?
In which form is most carbon dioxide carried in the blood?
Which change shifts the oxygen–haemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?
Why are stains such as iodine or methylene blue added to cells on a microscope slide?
A man has Klinefelter syndrome (XXY). Which error most likely produced it?
In 2KClO₃ → 2KCl + 3O₂, how many moles of O₂ form from 4 mol of KClO₃?
When sugar dissolves in water, why is it not a chemical change?
Which sentence uses a pronoun that agrees with its antecedent?
What kind of sentence is this? “Although the storm was strong, the power stayed on, and the clinic remained open.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient was lethargic and hard to wake.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “After the stroke, the patient’s gait was unsteady.”
Answer: B · Frustrated
Sighing, throwing the tickets and noting it is the third cancellation show frustration.
Answer: D · An exaggerated chain of consequences
The author claims one small step will lead to extreme results without evidence for each link. This is a “slippery slope” argument.
Answer: x = 9 cups
Ratios and proportions: a ratio a : b compares two amounts. In a proportion two ratios are equal, a/b = c/d, and you solve it by cross-multiplying: a·d = b·c. To share an amount in the ratio m : n, divide it into m + n equal parts; one share is m parts, the other n parts.
Answer: x = 120 $
Reverse percentages: when a value has already been increased or decreased by a percent, the new value is a percent of the original, not the other way round. After a 20% discount the price is 80% of the original, so original = new price ÷ 0.80. Never add the 20% back on to the new price.
Answer: B · Subscapularis
SITS: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis. Teres major is close by but is not part of the cuff.
Answer: A · Spermatic cord
The inguinal canal carries the spermatic cord in males and the round ligament in females. The femoral vessels pass below the inguinal ligament instead.
Answer: B · As bicarbonate ions in plasma
About 70% of CO₂ is carried as bicarbonate. Carbonic anhydrase in red cells converts CO₂ and water to carbonic acid, which dissociates into H⁺ and HCO₃⁻.
Answer: B · Higher temperature
Higher temperature, CO₂, H⁺ (lower pH) and 2,3-BPG lower haemoglobin's affinity and shift the curve right, releasing more oxygen to active tissues.
Answer: B · To make structures easier to see
Most cell parts are colourless, so stains are used to add contrast. Iodine stains starch and nuclei in plant cells, and methylene blue stains the nuclei of animal cells.
Answer: C · Nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes during meiosis in a parent
An extra whole chromosome usually comes from nondisjunction, when chromosomes fail to separate in meiosis. For example, an XY sperm fertilising an X egg, or an XX egg fertilised by a Y sperm, gives XXY.
Answer: D · 6 mol
4 mol KClO₃ × (3 mol O₂ ÷ 2 mol KClO₃) = 6 mol O₂.
Answer: C · The sugar molecules stay sugar and can be recovered
Dissolving spreads intact sugar molecules among water molecules. No new substance forms, and evaporation recovers the sugar.
Answer: D · Each of the boxes has its own label.
“Each” takes a singular verb (has) and, for things, the singular possessive “its”. “It’s” means “it is”.
Answer: B · Compound-complex
There are two independent clauses (“the power stayed on”, “the clinic remained open”) and one dependent clause (“Although the storm was strong”), which makes it compound-complex.
Answer: B · Drowsy and sluggish
Lethargic means abnormally drowsy, slow and lacking energy.
Answer: B · Manner of walking
Gait is the way a person walks, and an unsteady gait increases the risk of falls.
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