Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 16 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
“Whenever it rained, the old roof leaked into the kitchen. This winter, after the roof was replaced, the kitchen stayed dry through every storm.” What can be concluded?
The sign at the pool reads: “Children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult in the water. Children 8 to 12 may swim alone if they pass the swim test. No one under 16 may use the diving board.” A 10-year-old has passed the swim test. What may the child do?
A circle has a diameter of 30 in. Using π ≈ 3.14, find its circumference C.
A recipe says to bake at 150 °C. What is that temperature T in degrees Fahrenheit?
The rotator cuff consists of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and which other muscle?
Which muscle is the main flexor of the hip joint?
Which receptors respond mainly to a fall in arterial oxygen levels?
After a head injury, a patient passes large volumes of very dilute urine and plasma sodium rises. What is the most likely cause?
What does Mendel's law of segregation state?
Under the microscope, homologous chromosomes are moving to opposite poles, and each is still made of two chromatids. Which stage is this?
According to the Brønsted–Lowry definition, what is an acid?
Which isotope notation describes an atom with 8 protons and 10 neutrons?
Choose the correct pronoun: “Each of the girls brought ___ own lunch.”
Which revision makes it clear that the nurse, not the boy, was smiling? “The nurse gave a sticker to the boy with a smile.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse initiated CPR as soon as the patient collapsed.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The child had a paroxysmal cough.”
Answer: A · The new roof fixed the leak.
The kitchen leaked with the old roof but stayed dry through storms after it was replaced, so the new roof fixed the problem.
Answer: B · Swim alone, but not use the diving board
Ages 8–12 may swim alone after the test, but the diving board is for those 16 and over, so a 10-year-old may not use it.
Answer: C = 94.2 in
Perimeter, area and volume: the perimeter is the distance around a shape (rectangle: 2l + 2w). Area is measured in square units: rectangle l × w, triangle ½ × base × height, circle π·r². The circumference of a circle is π·d = 2π·r. Volume is in cubic units: box l × w × h, cylinder π·r²·h. Use the value of π the question gives.
Answer: T = 302 °F
Temperature scales: °F = °C × 9/5 + 32 and °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9. A temperature change converts without the 32, because the 32 only shifts the zero point: a change of 1 °C is a change of 1.8 °F.
Answer: C · Subscapularis
SITS: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis. Teres major is close by but is not part of the cuff.
Answer: D · Iliopsoas
Iliopsoas (psoas major and iliacus) is the strongest hip flexor. Gluteus maximus extends the hip.
Answer: C · Peripheral chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies
The carotid and aortic bodies detect low PaO₂ (and also high CO₂ and H⁺). The central chemoreceptors respond to CO₂ but not directly to oxygen.
Answer: A · Lack of ADH release (cranial diabetes insipidus)
Without ADH the collecting ducts stay impermeable to water, so dilute urine is produced and the patient loses free water, raising plasma sodium.
Answer: C · The two alleles of a gene separate so each gamete gets only one
During meiosis the two alleles of each gene separate, so each gamete carries one allele. At fertilisation, the offspring receives one allele from each parent.
Answer: C · Anaphase I of meiosis
Only in anaphase I do homologous chromosomes separate while each still has two sister chromatids. In mitosis and in anaphase II, the sister chromatids themselves are pulled apart.
Answer: D · A proton (H⁺) donor
A Brønsted–Lowry acid donates a proton (H⁺) and a base accepts one. This definition covers reactions that do not involve OH⁻.
Answer: B · Oxygen-18
8 protons make it oxygen; the mass number is 8 + 10 = 18, so it is oxygen-18 (¹⁸O).
Answer: D · her
“Each” is singular and refers to girls, so the singular possessive “her” agrees with it. “Hers” stands alone and cannot come before a noun.
Answer: D · With a smile, the nurse gave a sticker to the boy.
Placing “With a smile” next to “the nurse” shows who was smiling. C suggests the sticker had a smile, and D still describes the boy.
Answer: C · Began
To initiate is to start or begin something.
Answer: B · Occurring in sudden attacks
Paroxysmal means occurring in sudden, intense episodes, like the coughing fits of whooping cough.
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