Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 16 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
A notice in the staff room reads: “The parking lot will be repaved on Tuesday. Staff should park in the overflow lot on Elm Street. Shuttle buses will run every 10 minutes from 6 a.m.” What is the main purpose of the notice?
“Patients must not eat or drink after midnight before surgery. Small sips of water to take morning medicines are allowed only if the surgeon has agreed.” A patient’s surgeon has agreed. What may the patient do at 7 a.m.?
Two volunteers share $99 in the ratio 6 : 5. How much x does the person with the larger share get, in dollars?
The sum of 3 consecutive integers is 75. What is the largest of them, x?
The head of the femur articulates with which structure?
Why can an inflamed gallbladder that irritates the diaphragm cause pain at the tip of the right shoulder?
Low plasma albumin, as in severe liver disease, causes oedema mainly because:
Which transporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle is key to building the medullary concentration gradient?
Nearly all cells in a person's body contain the same DNA. Why do nerve cells and muscle cells look and work so differently?
The field of view of a microscope is 0.5 mm wide. About 10 cells fit across it in a line. What is the approximate width of one cell?
Why do noble gases rarely react?
A substance melts at 801 °C, does not conduct as a solid but conducts when molten. What type of substance is it most likely?
What kind of sentence is this? “When the alarm rang, everyone left the building.”
Which revision corrects the fragment? “The nurse who works on the third floor.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse explained the procedure before starting.”
What does the term endometriosis mean?
Answer: A · To tell staff where to park during the repaving
The notice informs staff about the temporary parking arrangement while the lot is repaved.
Answer: C · Take morning medicines with a small sip of water
Nothing may be eaten or drunk after midnight, except small sips of water for medicines when the surgeon agrees. This patient has that agreement.
Answer: x = 54 $
Ratios and proportions: a ratio a : b compares two amounts. In a proportion two ratios are equal, a/b = c/d, and you solve it by cross-multiplying: a·d = b·c. To share an amount in the ratio m : n, divide it into m + n equal parts; one share is m parts, the other n parts.
Answer: x = 26
Word problems: name the unknown (for example x = number of months), write the facts as one equation, solve it, and check that the answer makes sense in the story. A fixed fee plus a rate per unit gives total = fee + rate × units.
Answer: D · Acetabulum
The acetabulum is the cup-shaped socket of the hip bone, formed by the ilium, ischium and pubis. The glenoid cavity is the shoulder's socket.
Answer: A · The phrenic nerve shares spinal segments C3–C5 with the skin of the shoulder
Diaphragmatic irritation is carried by the phrenic nerve (C3–C5). The brain refers it to skin supplied by the same segments, via the supraclavicular nerves over the shoulder.
Answer: B · Plasma oncotic pressure falls
Albumin generates most of the plasma oncotic pressure that pulls fluid back into capillaries. When it falls, more fluid stays in the tissues.
Answer: B · The Na⁺–K⁺–2Cl⁻ cotransporter (NKCC2)
NKCC2 moves Na⁺, K⁺ and Cl⁻ out of the tubule into the interstitium without water, building the medullary gradient. Loop diuretics such as furosemide block it.
Answer: C · Different genes are switched on in each type of cell
Each cell type expresses a different set of genes, making different proteins. Muscle cells express genes for contractile proteins, and nerve cells express genes for neurotransmitters and ion channels.
Answer: B · 50 µm
0.5 mm = 500 µm. Dividing by 10 cells gives about 50 µm per cell.
Answer: C · Their outer electron shells are already full
Noble gases already have a full valence shell (an octet, or 2 for helium), so they have little tendency to gain, lose or share electrons.
Answer: B · An ionic compound
High melting point plus conduction only when molten or dissolved is typical of ionic compounds such as NaCl (melting point 801 °C). Metals conduct as solids.
Answer: C · Complex
One independent clause plus one dependent clause (introduced by “when”) makes a complex sentence.
Answer: B · The nurse who works on the third floor is my aunt.
“Who works” belongs to a relative clause, so the subject “The nurse” still needs its own verb. A adds the main verb “is”.
Answer: B · The steps of a test or treatment
A procedure is a set of actions done in a certain order, such as a test, treatment or operation.
Answer: D · Tissue like the uterine lining growing outside the uterus
Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the endometrium grows outside the uterus; endometritis is inflammation of the lining.
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