NCLEX-PN-शैली के अभ्यास प्रश्न (LPN/LVN): क्रैम पैक

Why is high-flow oxygen often humidified?

1. ATo make the oxygen more concentrated before it reaches the lungs
2. BTo add medicine to the oxygen
3. CTo cool the patient's temperature
4. DTo stop the airways and secretions from drying out

A dying patient's breathing gets deeper and faster, then shallower, followed by a pause with no breathing, in a repeating cycle. What is this pattern called?

1. AParadoxical breathing
2. BBiot's breathing
3. CKussmaul breathing
4. DCheyne–Stokes breathing

A patient with difficulty swallowing is prescribed an extended-release tablet. What should the nurse do?

1. ADissolve the tablet in a glass of hot water
2. BCut the tablet in half so it is easier to swallow
3. CAsk the prescriber or pharmacist for another form and not crush the tablet
4. DCrush the tablet finely and mix it into a spoonful of applesauce or yogurt

A nursing student describes how they remove PPE (gown, gloves and a mask worn for splash protection) at the doorway before leaving a contact precautions room. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I remove my gloves without touching the outside with my bare hand.”
2. B“I roll the gown inward as I take it off.”
3. C“I take off my mask first, and then I take off my gloves.”
4. D“I clean my hands as soon as all the PPE is off.”

A patient is raising his voice, pacing and clenching his fists. What should the nurse do first?

1. AStand very close to him and tell him firmly and loudly to sit down and be quiet
2. BApply physical restraints at once
3. CSpeak calmly, keep a safe distance and invite him to talk about what is wrong
4. DTurn away and ignore the behavior

A provider asks a nurse to perform a procedure that is outside the nurse’s scope of practice. What should the nurse do?

1. ADo it, because the provider gave the instruction
2. BAsk a nursing assistant to do it instead
3. CDo it just this once and promise the provider not to do it again
4. DDecline, explain why and suggest who can safely do it

Under the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (England and Wales), which principle applies?

1. AA person must be assumed to have capacity unless it is shown that they lack it
2. BEveryone over 75 is assumed to lack capacity
3. CCapacity is decided by the next of kin, who must sign a form for every decision
4. DA diagnosis of dementia means the person lacks capacity for all decisions

गंभीर दमा वाला एक मरीज़ शांत हो जाता है, "मूक छाती" (silent chest), थकावट और गिरती श्वसन दर के साथ। यह क्या दर्शाता है?

1. Aनेबुलाइज़र के बाद सामान्य स्वास्थ्य-लाभ
2. Bकेवल चिंता
3. Cआसन्न श्वसन रोध (respiratory arrest) के साथ जानलेवा दमा
4. Dदौरे में सुधार, क्योंकि ब्रोंकोस्पाज़्म शांत होता है और वायुमार्ग शिथिल होते हैं

Which finding during a transfusion suggests transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)?

1. ABack pain with dark red urine output
2. BCrackles, hypertension and a raised BNP
3. CA low temperature and slow heart rate
4. DHives and itching without other signs

A patient receiving chemotherapy has a white cell count of 1.8 × 10³/µL with 20% neutrophils and 5% bands. What is the absolute neutrophil count (ANC)?

1. A1,800/µL
2. B4,500/µL
3. C360/µL
4. D450/µL

During an infusion of a vesicant chemotherapy drug, the patient reports burning, and the site is swollen. What should the nurse do first?

1. AFlush the line with a large volume of saline
2. BStop the infusion, leave the cannula in and follow the protocol
3. CRemove the cannula at once and massage the area firmly
4. DIncrease the infusion rate to finish quickly

A patient starting sertraline is taught about the drug. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"It may take a few weeks to feel the full effect."
2. B"If I feel better after a week, I can stop taking it."
3. C"I will tell someone if I have thoughts of harming myself."
4. D"I may have some nausea at first."

A patient has episodes of severe headache, sweating and palpitations with very high blood pressure. Which rare cause should be considered?

1. AAortic stenosis
2. BStable angina
3. CAsthma
4. DPhaeochromocytoma

A ventilated patient suddenly desaturates to 82%. The cause is not obvious and the ventilator alarms are sounding. What should the nurse do first?

1. ASilence the alarm and wait for the result of the next routine blood gas
2. BDisconnect and hand-ventilate with 100% oxygen while calling for help
3. CIncrease the sedation and watch the monitor for the next half hour
4. DChange the ventilator settings to a higher rate

Which action is part of an effective bowel programme after a spinal cord injury?

1. AUsing strong laxatives only when the bowel has not opened for a week
2. BAvoiding fibre to prevent bloating
3. CRestricting fluids to reduce the volume of stool
4. DA routine at the same time each day, often after a meal

A patient with gastroparesis has hypos soon after their meal-time insulin, then high glucose several hours later. What is the best explanation?

1. AThe meter gives false results for several hours after every meal
2. BThe patient is secretly eating sweets between meals
3. CFood is absorbed slowly, so the insulin peaks before the glucose rises
4. DThe insulin has gone off and needs replacing

Which statement about corticosteroids in inflammatory bowel disease is correct?

1. AThey are given only as a one-off injection
2. BThey are used to induce remission, not for maintenance
3. CThey are the best long-term maintenance treatment
4. DThey cure the disease after one course

A patient with a permanent pacemaker is booked for surgery using monopolar diathermy. Why must the team know?

1. ADiathermy can interfere with the pacemaker's function
2. BPacemakers stop all bleeding during surgery
3. CThe pacemaker will always be removed during surgery
4. DThe patient cannot have any anaesthetic at all

Which woman on the antenatal unit should the nurse see first?

1. AAt 34 weeks: severe headache, BP 164/110 mmHg
2. BAt 38 weeks: irregular Braxton Hicks contractions
3. CAt 30 weeks: mild ankle swelling in the evening
4. DAt 28 weeks: due for routine anti-D

A woman who had a placenta praevia and two previous caesareans is scheduled for a caesarean. The team plans for possible hysterectomy and blood products. Why?

1. AShe is at high risk of a post-term birth
2. BShe is at high risk of gestational diabetes
3. CShe is at high risk of pre-eclampsia only
4. DShe is at high risk of placenta accreta spectrum

Which signs suggest digoxin toxicity in a child?

1. AIncreased appetite, extra energy and rapid weight gain over a few days
2. BFast heart rate with high blood pressure
3. CNausea, vomiting, poor feeding and a slow heart rate
4. DHigh fever with a spreading red rash

A 15-year-old in traction for a femur fracture is withdrawn and irritable. Which intervention best fits his developmental stage?

1. AAsk his parents to stay with him at all times and make decisions for him
2. BSet a strict timetable for him that staff decide without his input
3. CArrange contact with friends and let him control parts of his daily routine
4. DMove him to a room with toddlers so the ward is less lonely

A patient says, "The doctor says I'm getting better, but I don't think anyone here really knows me." Which nurse response is most therapeutic?

1. A"You feel that people here don't really know you?"
2. B"The doctor is very experienced, so you should trust her."
3. C"Everyone here knows you well, so don't worry."
4. D"Why do you think the doctor is wrong about you?"

According to DSM-5, which childhood condition is a requirement for a later diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder?

1. AAutism spectrum disorder diagnosed before school age
2. BA diagnosis of ADHD before age 7
3. CSeparation anxiety disorder in early childhood
4. DEvidence of conduct disorder starting before age 15

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। ड्रिप दर की गणना से 31.822 gtt/min आता है। इस अभ्यास का नियम है कि ड्रिप दरें निकटतम पूरी बूँद तक पूर्णांकित की जाती हैं। आप कौन-सा मान x दर्ज करेंगे?

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। एक नुस्खे में 10 दिनों के लिए मौखिक सस्पेंशन दिन में दो बार की 1 tsp लिखी है। 1 tsp = 5 mL का उपयोग करके पूरे कोर्स के लिए कितने mL V चाहिए?

एक रोगी का वज़न 18 kg है। निर्धारित खुराक 5 mg/kg प्रति दिन है, 2 बराबर खुराकों में। प्रति खुराक कितने मिलीग्राम D दिए जाते हैं?

निर्धारित खुराक किसी दवा की 300 इकाइयाँ है, जो 1000 इकाई/mL में आती है। 1 mL की सिरिंज में खुराक खींचें: आप कितना आयतन V देते हैं?

एक ड्रिप 15 gtt/mL वाले सेट से 25 gtt/min पर चलती है। रोगी को 4 घंटों में कितने मिलीलीटर V मिलते हैं?

एक बैग में 100 mL में दवा की 500 mg है और यह 8 mL/h पर चल रहा है। रोगी को प्रति घंटा कितने मिलीग्राम D मिलते हैं?

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। रिकॉर्ड एक 8-घंटे की शिफ़्ट के लिए रोगी का अंतर्ग्रहण और निर्गम दिखाता है। रोगी का भार 50 kg है। औसत मूत्र निर्गम U mL/kg/h में ज्ञात कीजिए। दो दशमलव स्थानों तक पूर्णांकित करें।

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। एक 1000 mL इन्फ्यूज़न 07:00 पर 75 mL/h से शुरू होता है। 4 घंटे बाद दर बदलकर 100 mL/h की जाती है और फिर नहीं बदली जाती। शुरुआत के कितने घंटे t बाद बैग खाली होगा? एक दशमलव स्थान तक पूर्णांकित करें।

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। एक अभ्यास रोगी का मोर्स फ़ॉल स्केल से आकलन किया गया है: पिछले 3 माह में गिरने का इतिहास: नहीं; द्वितीयक निदान: नहीं; चलने में सहायता: कोई नहीं, बिस्तर पर आराम या नर्स सहायता करती है; IV चिकित्सा या सैलाइन लॉक: हाँ; चाल: सामान्य, बिस्तर पर आराम या व्हीलचेयर; मानसिक स्थिति: क्षमता को अधिक आँकता है या सीमाएँ भूल जाता है। मोर्स कुल MFS ज्ञात कीजिए।

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। एक अभ्यास रोगी का ब्रैडन स्केल से आकलन किया गया है: संवेदी बोध: पूरी तरह सीमित; नमी: लगातार नम; सक्रियता: बिस्तर पर ही; गतिशीलता: थोड़ा सीमित; पोषण: संभवतः अपर्याप्त; घर्षण और अपरूपण (शियर): समस्या। वर्गों का उपयोग कीजिए: 19–23 जोखिम नहीं, 15–18 हल्का, 13–14 मध्यम, 10–12 उच्च और 9 या उससे कम बहुत उच्च। जोखिम स्तर चुनिए।

1. 1जोखिम नहीं
2. 2हल्का जोखिम
3. 3मध्यम जोखिम
4. 4उच्च जोखिम
5. 5बहुत उच्च जोखिम