NCLEX-PN-शैली के अभ्यास प्रश्न (LPN/LVN): क्रैम पैक

सूचित सहमति (इन्फ़ॉर्म्ड कंसेंट) क्या है?

1. Aपर्याप्त जानकारी पाने के बाद निर्णय-क्षमता वाले मरीज़ की स्वैच्छिक सहमति
2. Bप्रक्रिया के बाद ली गई सहमति
3. Cहस्ताक्षरित फ़ॉर्म जो प्रक्रिया से हुई किसी भी हानि की सारी ज़िम्मेदारी से कर्मचारियों को मुक्त करता है
4. Dपरिवार के किसी भी सदस्य के हस्ताक्षर

A patient has been taught to walk with underarm crutches. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll keep the crutch tips about a step out to the side and front."
2. B"I'll check the rubber tips regularly for wear."
3. C"I'll take my weight through my hands on the hand grips."
4. D"I'll rest my weight on the tops of the crutches under my arms."

A patient is on suicide precautions. Which room safety measure is appropriate?

1. AKeep the door closed at all times so the patient has privacy
2. BLet the patient keep a personal razor for shaving, as long as staff are told
3. CRemove items that could be used for self-harm, such as belts and cords
4. DAllow glass bottles if the patient seems calm

A nurse teaches a patient with neutropenia about preventing infection at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I will avoid crowds and people who have colds.”
2. B“I will check my temperature and call if I have a fever.”
3. C“I can clean the cat’s litter box if I wear a face mask.”
4. D“I will wash my hands often and ask visitors to do the same.”

One day after surgery, a patient walked safely with the RN this morning. The RN now asks a nursing assistant to walk her again. Which instruction is most important?

1. A“Walk her to the end of the corridor and back twice before lunch.”
2. B“Stop and call me at once if she feels dizzy or short of breath.”
3. C“Try to finish the walk before the lunch trays arrive.”
4. D“Make sure she wears her own slippers if she has them.”

Which assignment by the charge nurse should be changed?

1. AAn LPN/LVN is assigned to admit a new patient from the emergency department
2. BAn LPN/LVN is assigned to give oral medications to stable patients
3. CA nursing assistant is assigned to help several stable patients with their meals
4. DAn RN is assigned to a patient receiving a blood transfusion

A patient is started on spironolactone while already taking an ACE inhibitor. Which blood result should be watched most closely?

1. APotassium, because both drugs can raise it
2. BCalcium, because both drugs lower it
3. CGlucose, because both drugs cause hyperglycaemia
4. DSodium, because both drugs raise it sharply

A patient with an epidural catheter develops new back pain and increasing leg weakness when the block should be wearing off. What should be suspected?

1. AMuscle strain from lying in the same position in bed for many hours
2. BMild hypokalaemia
3. CAn epidural haematoma or abscess compressing the spinal cord
4. DThe normal expected effect of the local anaesthetic

After surgery for colon cancer, a patient's CEA had fallen to normal, but it has been rising over the last two checks. What does this most likely suggest?

1. AA sign of iron deficiency from the earlier bleeding
2. BPossible recurrence that needs further assessment
3. CA sure sign that the cancer has been fully cured
4. DA normal change after surgery that needs no follow-up

A patient without symptoms has a TSH of 7.5 mIU/L on two occasions with a normal free T₄. Which term fits best?

1. ASecondary hypothyroidism
2. BSubclinical hypothyroidism
3. COvert primary hypothyroidism
4. DSubclinical hyperthyroidism

During an infusion of a vesicant chemotherapy drug, the patient reports burning, and the site is swollen. What should the nurse do first?

1. AIncrease the infusion rate to finish quickly
2. BRemove the cannula at once and massage the area firmly
3. CFlush the line with a large volume of saline
4. DStop the infusion, leave the cannula in and follow the protocol

Which statement correctly contrasts donepezil and memantine in Alzheimer's disease?

1. ADonepezil inhibits cholinesterase; memantine blocks NMDA receptors
2. BBoth drugs are dopamine agonists that differ only in their half-lives
3. CBoth drugs remove amyloid plaques from the brain
4. DDonepezil blocks NMDA receptors; memantine inhibits acetylcholinesterase

How should a patient with asthma record their peak flow at home?

1. ATake the average of ten blows after exercise
2. BBlow only during an asthma attack, never when well
3. CTake the best of three blows, ideally morning and evening
4. DTake one gentle blow once a week, at any time of day

15 L/min पर नॉन-रीब्रीदर मास्क लगाए साँस फूलने वाले मरीज़ का रिज़र्वॉयर बैग हर साँस के साथ पूरी तरह पिचक जाता है। नर्स को क्या करना चाहिए?

1. Aऑक्सीजन आपूर्ति और प्रवाह जाँचना ताकि बैग फूला रहे
2. Bउसे वैसा ही छोड़ना, क्योंकि पिचकता बैग अच्छी सील दर्शाता है
3. Cबैग को पिचकने से रोकने के लिए प्रवाह 2 L/min तक घटाना
4. Dबैग हटा देना, क्योंकि मास्क उसके बिना भी काम करता है

An 82-year-old taking apixaban fell three weeks ago. Since then their family has noticed increasing confusion and headaches. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAcute extradural haematoma
2. BSubarachnoid haemorrhage from an aneurysm
3. CChronic subdural haematoma
4. DNormal ageing with mild memory loss

A patient's glucose is 6.2 mmol/L (112 mg/dL) at 03:00 and 12 mmol/L (216 mg/dL) before breakfast. No hypoglycaemia occurred overnight. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AA large snack eaten in the night by mistake
2. BThe meter is faulty and should be replaced
3. CThe Somogyi effect from a night-time hypo
4. DThe dawn phenomenon from early-morning hormones

Which measure helps reduce the risk of delirium in an older surgical patient?

1. AMaking sure they have their glasses and hearing aids
2. BGiving a sleeping tablet every night
3. CMoving them to a new bed space each night to reduce boredom
4. DKeeping the room dark during the day

On day 5 after a major burn, a patient is confused, with a temperature of 39.2 °C, tachycardia, and an offensive, discoloured wound. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ADelirium from boredom on the ward
2. BAn allergy to the dressing only
3. CThe normal hypermetabolic response alone
4. DBurn wound infection with sepsis

A woman 4 hours after birth has severe perineal pain and pressure. Her fundus is firm, lochia is normal, and her heart rate is rising. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AUterine atony
2. BA urinary tract infection
3. CA vulvar or vaginal haematoma
4. DNormal afterpains

A newborn passed no meconium by 48 hours and has a swollen abdomen and green vomiting. Which condition should be suspected?

1. AHirschsprung disease
2. BErythema toxicum
3. CDevelopmental hip dysplasia
4. DPhysiological jaundice

हीमोफ़िलिया वाले बच्चे में कौन-सी सावधानी लागू होती है?

1. Aदर्द के लिए एस्पिरिन दें
2. Bजहाँ संभव हो मांसपेशी में इंजेक्शन और मलाशय से तापमान लेने से बचें
3. Cजोड़ों और मांसपेशियों को मज़बूत करने के लिए रग्बी जैसे संपर्क खेलों को प्रोत्साहित करें
4. Dरक्तस्राव वाले जोड़ पर गर्म सिकाई करें

Which bedside check is recommended before each feed to confirm the position of a child's nasogastric tube?

1. AInject air and listen over the stomach for a "whoosh"
2. BPlace the end of the tube in water and look for bubbles
3. CAsk the child whether the tube feels comfortable and check the length mark only
4. DCheck that aspirate from the tube is acidic, using the pH limit in local policy

Which item is part of a safety plan for a person experiencing domestic violence?

1. ATelling the abuser about plans to leave so that he can prepare
2. BAvoiding contact with friends and support services so as not to provoke him
3. CKeeping all important documents in the shared house
4. DKeeping an emergency bag with documents, money and keys somewhere safe

A patient in DBT feels a strong urge to self-harm after a distressing phone call. Which DBT skill module is designed to help her get through this moment without making things worse?

1. ADistress tolerance
2. BCognitive restructuring of core beliefs
3. CInterpersonal effectiveness
4. DSystematic desensitisation

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। वज़न रूपांतरण से 30.0599 kg आता है। इस अभ्यास का नियम है कि वज़न निकटतम किलोग्राम के दशमांश तक पूर्णांकित किए जाते हैं। आप कौन-सा मान x दर्ज करेंगे?

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। एक शिफ़्ट के दौरान रोगी 4 fl oz / जूस, 1 tbsp / तरल पूरक, ½ tsp / खाँसी का सिरप लेता है। दिए गए समतुल्यों का उपयोग करके mL में कुल मुँह से अंतर्ग्रहण V ज्ञात कीजिए।

एक रोगी का वज़न 12 kg है। निर्धारित खुराक 25 mg/kg प्रति दिन है, 3 बराबर खुराकों में। प्रति खुराक कितने मिलीग्राम D दिए जाते हैं?

निर्धारित खुराक 540 माइक्रोग्राम है। ऐम्पूल में 2 mg/mL है। 1 mL की सिरिंज में खुराक खींचें: आप कितना आयतन V देते हैं?

20 बूँद/mL वाले सेट से 1500 mL को 6 घंटों में दें। ड्रिप दर R बूँद प्रति मिनट में ज्ञात करें। निकटतम पूर्ण संख्या तक पूर्णांकित कीजिए।

12 घंटों में 500 mL का आदेश दिया गया था। 9 घंटे बाद आप पाते हैं कि बैग में अभी 160 mL बचा है, और आदेश को फिर भी समय पर पूरा होना है। मूल पंप दर को कितने प्रतिशत Δ बढ़ाना होगा?

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। रिकॉर्ड एक 8-घंटे की शिफ़्ट के लिए रोगी का अंतर्ग्रहण और निर्गम दिखाता है। IV इन्फ्यूज़न पूरी शिफ़्ट में दिखाई गई दर पर चला। कुल अंतर्ग्रहण I mL में ज्ञात कीजिए। बर्फ़ के टुकड़ों को उनके आयतन के आधे के रूप में गिनें।

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। एक 1000 mL बैग पंप से 80 mL/h पर चल रहा है। 18:30 पर 700 mL पहले ही दिए जा चुके हैं। बैग खाली होने में कितने घंटे t लगेंगे? एक दशमलव स्थान तक पूर्णांकित करें।

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। एक अभ्यास रोगी का ब्रैडन स्केल से आकलन किया गया है: संवेदी बोध: बहुत सीमित; नमी: लगातार नम; सक्रियता: बिस्तर पर ही; गतिशीलता: बहुत सीमित; पोषण: संभवतः अपर्याप्त; घर्षण और अपरूपण (शियर): संभावित समस्या। ब्रैडन कुल B ज्ञात कीजिए।

अभ्यास प्रश्न (काल्पनिक मान, नैदानिक मार्गदर्शन नहीं)। इन अवलोकनों के लिए NEWS2 चार्ट (SpO₂ स्केल 1) का उपयोग कीजिए: श्वसन दर 18/min, SpO₂ 98% कमरे की हवा में, रक्तचाप 110/66 mmHg, नाड़ी 76/min, सचेत, तापमान 38.4 °C। रोगी किस नैदानिक जोखिम समूह में आता है? उसे चुनिए।

1. 1निम्न
2. 2कम से मध्यम
3. 3मध्यम
4. 4उच्च