NCLEX-शैली की प्राथमिकता निर्धारण और प्रत्यायोजन: क्रैम पैक

A patient has a serum potassium of 6.8 mEq/L. Which action comes first?

1. AGive the patient’s scheduled potassium supplement
2. BEncourage foods high in potassium
3. CRecheck the level next week
4. DPlace the patient on a cardiac monitor

A medical-unit nurse is floated to intensive care and given a patient on a ventilator, which the nurse has never managed. What is the best response?

1. ARefuse to work and go home, because the assignment is unsafe
2. BAccept the full assignment without comment to avoid conflict
3. CTell the charge nurse about the gap, accept tasks within competence and ask for support
4. DLeave the intensive care unit and go back to the medical unit without telling anyone

A new antibiotic is prescribed for a patient. What should the nurse check before giving the first dose?

1. AOnly the patient’s blood pressure and pulse before giving the drug
2. BOnly the time of the patient’s last meal and drink
3. CThe patient’s allergies, by checking the record and asking the patient
4. DThe patient’s preferred pharmacy

एपिड्यूरल इन्फ़्यूज़न के साथ गलत मार्ग की त्रुटि को कौन-सा कदम सबसे अच्छी तरह रोकता है?

1. Aमरीज़ के सभी इन्फ़्यूज़न के लिए एक ही प्रकार का पंप और ट्यूबिंग उपयोग करना
2. Bएपिड्यूरल लाइन पर लेबल लगाना और उसे अपने समर्पित पंप पर रखना
3. Cसफ़ाई के लिए सभी लाइनों को एक साथ टेप से चिपका देना
4. Dएपिड्यूरल पोर्ट बंद हो जाए तो खाली IV पोर्ट का उपयोग करना

दो दिनों से उल्टी कर रहे रोगी का BUN 32 mg/dL (यूरिया 11.4 mmol/L) है और क्रिएटिनिन सामान्य है। सबसे संभावित कारण क्या है?

1. Aअतिजलयोजन
2. Bनिर्जलीकरण
3. Cकम-प्रोटीन आहार
4. Dयकृत विफलता

एक रोगी ने 24 घंटे पहले एसिटामिनोफ़ेन (पैरासिटामोल) की बड़ी अधिक मात्रा ली। कौन-से प्रयोगशाला परिवर्तन सबसे अधिक अपेक्षित हैं?

1. Aसामान्य यकृत परीक्षणों के साथ कम श्वेत गणना
2. Bकम ALT और AST तथा कम INR
3. Cबहुत उच्च ALT और AST तथा बढ़ता INR
4. Dसामान्य ALT के साथ उच्च ट्रोपोनिन

A nurse suspects that an older patient is being financially abused by a relative. What should the nurse do?

1. AConfront the relative directly at the bedside about it
2. BKeep it secret because it is a family matter
3. CRaise the concern through the local safeguarding (adult protection) procedure
4. DWait until the patient has been discharged

A patient with known cirrhosis suddenly vomits large amounts of bright red blood and becomes tachycardic. What is the most likely cause?

1. ABleeding from ruptured oesophageal varices
2. BA Mallory-Weiss tear from a small amount of vomiting
3. CA lower GI bleed from diverticular disease
4. DSwallowed blood from a nosebleed

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all
2. BIt turns the statin into a blood thinner
3. CIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage
4. DIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply

Two days after a coronary stent, a patient on aspirin and ticagrelor has black, tarry stools and feels faint on standing. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop both antiplatelet drugs permanently on the nurse's own decision
2. BGive a laxative and repeat the observations tomorrow
3. CCheck vital signs, report urgently and anticipate a blood count
4. DReassure the patient that iron tablets cause black stools

An 85-year-old care home resident becomes newly confused and is falling more often. A UTI is one possibility. Why?

1. AConfusion is the only symptom of a UTI at any age
2. BUrinary infections always cause a high fever in older adults
3. COlder adults often show infection as confusion
4. DA UTI cannot occur in people over 80

A patient with a subarachnoid haemorrhage develops a low sodium. Why is fluid restriction usually avoided in this patient?

1. ALow sodium in this condition always corrects itself
2. BFluid restriction would cause the aneurysm to re-bleed
3. CFluid restriction raises the risk of seizures
4. DLow blood volume can worsen vasospasm and brain ischaemia

Why is the Lund and Browder chart preferred to the rule of nines for children?

1. AIt is used only for burns of the hands
2. BIt adjusts for body proportions that change with age
3. CIt is faster to use than any other method of estimation
4. DIt counts superficial burns as well

Which preoperative blood result should the nurse report to the team before elective surgery?

1. APotassium 2.9 mmol/L
2. BFasting glucose 5.4 mmol/L (97 mg/dL)
3. CHaemoglobin 138 g/L (13.8 g/dL) in a man
4. DSodium 139 mmol/L