1.प्राथमिकता निर्धारण और प्रत्यायोजनमध्यम
A nursing assistant tells the RN that a patient’s IV pump is alarming. What is the best response?
- A“I will come and check the pump and the IV site now.”
- B“Turn the pump off and on again until it stops.”
- C“Increase the rate a little so the alarm clears.”
- D“Silence the alarm and I will check it at the end of the shift.”
2.प्राथमिकता निर्धारण और प्रत्यायोजनकठिन
बहुत सीमित संसाधनों वाली आपदा में, लगभग पूरे शरीर पर गंभीर जलन वाले पीड़ित को काला टैग दिया जाता है। कौन-सा सिद्धांत इस निर्णय को स्पष्ट करता है?
- Aसबसे कम आयु के पीड़ितों का पहले उपचार करना
- Bअधिकतम लोगों का अधिकतम भला करना
- Cसबसे गंभीर रूप से घायल व्यक्ति का पहले उपचार करना
- Dपीड़ितों का उपचार उनके आने के क्रम में करना
3.संक्रमण नियंत्रण और रोगी सुरक्षामध्यम
A patient with delirium is at risk of falls and of pulling out lines. Which option is less restrictive than restraints?
- AFour side rails raised and the door closed so the patient stays in bed
- BA sedative given every few hours as needed
- CA vest restraint applied for the whole night
- DA trained sitter or video monitoring with staff nearby
4.संक्रमण नियंत्रण और रोगी सुरक्षाकठिन
A patient rescued from a house fire has a headache and confusion, but the pulse oximeter reads 99%. Why might this reading be misleading?
- APulse oximetry cannot tell carbon monoxide-bound hemoglobin from oxygen-bound hemoglobin
- BConfusion and headache make pulse oximetry readings inaccurate in every patient
- CPulse oximeters always read falsely low after any kind of smoke exposure
- DThe reading is accurate, so carbon monoxide poisoning is ruled out
5.प्रयोगशाला मान और इलेक्ट्रोलाइटमध्यम
A patient with schizophrenia is starting clozapine. Which laboratory value must be monitored regularly?
- ASerum amylase
- BAbsolute neutrophil count
- CSerum lithium level
- DInternational normalized ratio
6.प्रयोगशाला मान और इलेक्ट्रोलाइटकठिन
A health care worker's hepatitis B tests show: HBsAg negative, anti-HBs positive, anti-HBc positive. What does this mean?
- ACurrent chronic hepatitis B infection
- BImmunity from vaccination only, never infected
- CPast infection that has resolved, with immunity
- DNot immune and never exposed to the virus
7.नैदानिक नर्सिंगमध्यम
Which of these is a non-drug measure that can help relieve pain?
- ARestricting visitors completely
- BRepositioning and distraction
- CKeeping the patient awake all night
- DTelling the patient that the pain is not real
8.नैदानिक नर्सिंगकठिन
A patient with severe sepsis starts bleeding from cannula sites and the gums, with a low platelet count and prolonged clotting times. What is most likely?
- ADisseminated intravascular coagulation
- BAn allergic reaction to the cannula
- CHaemophilia A
- DVitamin C deficiency
9.मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसनमध्यम
COPD वाले लोगों के लिए आमतौर पर कौन-से टीके अनुशंसित हैं?
- Aहर पाँच साल में BCG का टीका
- Bकोई टीका नहीं, क्योंकि ये एक्ज़ेसर्बेशन को भड़काते माने जाते हैं
- Cवार्षिक इन्फ़्लुएंज़ा और न्यूमोकॉकल टीकाकरण
- Dकेवल वार्षिक टिटनेस बूस्टर
10.मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसनकठिन
Ten days after cardiac surgery, a patient has a fever, a red sternal wound with discharge and a clicking feeling in the chest when coughing. What should the nurse suspect?
- ANormal wound healing with some expected discharge
- BSternal wound infection with an unstable sternum
- CCostochondritis caused by forceful coughing
- DPericarditis from the operation
11.मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दामध्यम
Which measure best detects a decline in breathing in a patient with Guillain–Barré syndrome?
- ARegular forced vital capacity measurements
- BDaily chest X-rays
- COxygen saturation alone
- DPeak flow before and after a bronchodilator
12.मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दाकठिन
A patient with a head injury now has a blood pressure of 190/70 mmHg, a pulse of 48/min and irregular breathing. How should the nurse interpret this?
- ANeurogenic shock from a spinal cord injury
- BHypovolaemic shock from internal bleeding
- CCushing's triad, a late sign of raised intracranial pressure
- DA normal stress response to pain, anxiety and the noise of the ward
13.मेड-सर्ज: पाचन, शल्य-पूर्व/पश्चात और कैंसरमध्यम
Which advice helps a patient with haemorrhoids?
- ATake a codeine-based painkiller every day
- BSit on the toilet for long periods to empty fully
- CEat less fibre so that stools are smaller
- DEat more fibre, drink enough fluid and avoid straining
14.मेड-सर्ज: पाचन, शल्य-पूर्व/पश्चात और कैंसरकठिन
After surgery, a patient says they have "no pain" but grimaces, breathes shallowly and refuses to move or cough. What should the nurse do?
- ATell the patient firmly that they must stop hiding their pain from staff
- BExplore their beliefs and explain how analgesia aids recovery
- CInsist they walk without any analgesia
- DAccept the statement and record a pain score of 0