NCLEX-शैली की प्राथमिकता निर्धारण और प्रत्यायोजन: क्रैम पैक

Which action helps prevent a catheter-associated urinary tract infection?

1. ARaising the drainage bag above the bladder when walking
2. BDisconnecting the bag every shift to empty it
3. CKeeping the drainage bag below the level of the bladder
4. DLeaving the catheter in place longer than needed

A patient has a heart rate of 38/min, feels dizzy and has a blood pressure of 80/50 mmHg. Which drug is usually given first, as prescribed?

1. ADigoxin
2. BDiltiazem
3. CAtropine
4. DMetoprolol

During a surgical hand scrub, how are the hands held?

1. AAt the level of the waist, close to the body
2. BAbove the elbows, so water runs from the fingertips toward the elbows
3. CBelow the elbows, so water runs off the fingertips into the sink
4. DPointing downward into the sink at all times

The laboratory reports that a blood sample labeled with one patient’s name has a blood group different from that patient’s previous result. What is the most likely problem and response?

1. AA wrong-patient sample, so the test is repeated and the event reported
2. BThe previous result was wrong, so it is deleted
3. CA laboratory machine fault, so no action is needed
4. DA normal change in the patient’s blood group over the years since the last test

A patient has burning on urination and frequency. The dipstick is positive for nitrites and leukocyte esterase, and a urine culture is ordered. When should the sample be taken?

1. AAfter 3 days of antibiotic treatment
2. BAt any time, as antibiotics do not matter
3. CAfter the symptoms have fully settled
4. DBefore the first dose of antibiotic

Two weeks after a sore throat, a child develops dark (cola-colored) urine, puffy eyes and high blood pressure. Urinalysis shows red cell casts and protein. Which condition is most likely?

1. AKidney stone in the ureter
2. BLower urinary tract infection (cystitis)
3. CPrerenal acute kidney injury
4. DPost-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

Which blood result often rises in an upper GI bleed because blood is digested in the gut?

1. ACalcium
2. BSodium
3. CUrea (blood urea nitrogen)
4. DGlucose

A patient taking regular ibuprofen suddenly develops severe upper abdominal pain, a rigid abdomen and becomes tachycardic. What is most likely?

1. AIndigestion that will settle with antacids
2. BConstipation
3. CA perforated peptic ulcer
4. DIrritable bowel syndrome

How does digoxin help a patient with atrial fibrillation and heart failure?

1. AIt lowers potassium to stabilise the heart
2. BIt dissolves clots that have formed in the left atrium
3. CIt speeds conduction through the AV node to the ventricles
4. DIt slows AV node conduction and increases contractility

डिगॉक्सिन की सुबह की खुराक से पहले मरीज़ की एपिकल नाड़ी 54/min है और उसे मतली हो रही है। नर्स को क्या करना चाहिए?

1. Aखुराक रोकना और सूचित करना, क्योंकि विषाक्तता संभव है
2. Bखुराक देना, क्योंकि केवल रेडियल नाड़ी मायने रखती है
3. Cआधी खुराक देना और एक घंटे में नाड़ी दोबारा जाँचना
4. Dखुराक और मतली-रोधी दवा देना, फिर कल नाड़ी दोबारा जाँचना

पिट्यूटरी सर्जरी के बाद मरीज़ तीन घंटे तक प्रति घंटे 400 mL मूत्र करता है और विशिष्ट गुरुत्व कम है। नर्स को किस पर संदेह होना चाहिए?

1. Aडायबिटीज़ इन्सिपिडस
2. BSIADH
3. Cसामान्य मूत्रलता
4. Dतीव्र गुर्दा क्षति

A patient with an external ventricular drain sat up in bed without help. The drain stayed at its old height, and the drainage bag filled quickly. The patient now has a headache. What is the concern?

1. AAn infected drain, so the dressing should be removed
2. BOverdrainage of CSF, so act per protocol and inform the team
3. CNo concern, because more drainage always lowers the ICP safely
4. DUnderdrainage, so the drain should be lowered further

Which initial treatment is usual for symptomatic hypercalcaemia of malignancy?

1. AA high-calcium diet with extra milk
2. BFluid restriction and a thiazide diuretic
3. COral calcium tablets and vitamin D
4. DIV fluids followed by an IV bisphosphonate

During radiotherapy to the chest, a patient develops pain on swallowing and is eating less. What is the most likely cause and nursing focus?

1. ARadiation oesophagitis; analgesia, soft food and nutrition support
2. BA heart attack; give aspirin and arrange an ECG
3. CA stomach ulcer; give an antacid after meals only
4. DNormal ageing; no action needed