NCLEX-शैली की प्राथमिकता निर्धारण और प्रत्यायोजन: क्रैम पैक

Before giving a scheduled dose of metoprolol, which assessment is most important?

1. ABowel sounds and urine color
2. BTemperature and the latest pain score
3. CApical pulse and blood pressure
4. DBlood glucose and weight

Which patient is the best choice for the room closest to the nurses’ station?

1. AA patient admitted for a planned scan, feeling well
2. BA patient with stable diabetes who walks independently
3. CA young adult waiting for discharge tomorrow
4. DA confused older adult at high risk of falls

When should a nurse call the rapid response team?

1. AOnly when the patient’s family makes a complaint
2. BWhen a patient shows an acute decline, such as new confusion or a sharp change in vital signs
3. COnly after a patient has had a cardiac or respiratory arrest on the ward
4. DOnly when the provider has written an order for a rapid response call in the chart

A patient dies after a wrong-drug error, and the hospital carries out a root cause analysis. What is its main focus?

1. ADeciding whether to tell the family about the error
2. BIdentifying which staff member made the error and should be disciplined
3. CFinding the system and process weaknesses that allowed the error
4. DEstimating the legal costs for the hospital

A patient taking spironolactone asks about using a salt substitute. What should the nurse explain?

1. ASalt substitutes protect against the potassium loss caused by this drug
2. BMost salt substitutes contain potassium and can raise the level too high
3. CSalt substitutes are fine as long as the patient drinks more water
4. DSalt substitutes are safe because they contain only sodium chloride

A patient taking an SGLT2 inhibitor has nausea and fast breathing. Glucose 190 mg/dL (10.5 mmol/L), pH 7.15, bicarbonate 10 mEq/L, blood ketones high. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. AHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
2. BSimple fasting ketosis only
3. CRespiratory acidosis from COPD
4. DEuglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis

Which features suggest Cushing's syndrome?

1. ACoarse facial features and very large hands and feet
2. BWeight loss, heat intolerance, tremor and protruding eyes
3. CWeight gain around the trunk, a rounded face and thin, easily bruised skin
4. DDark skin, low blood pressure, salt craving and a low blood sodium level

A patient with lung cancer develops swelling of the face and arms, distended neck veins and breathlessness that is worse lying down. What should be suspected?

1. AHypothyroidism
2. BRight-sided heart failure from valve disease
3. CAn allergic reaction to food
4. DSuperior vena cava obstruction

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. ALow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely
2. BPotassium has no link with either medicine
3. CHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
4. DLow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity

COPD वाला मरीज़ साँस फूलने की स्थिति में है, हवा में SpO₂ 84% है। इष्टतम चिकित्सा उपचार के बावजूद ब्लड गैस में pH 7.30 और बढ़ा हुआ PaCO₂ है। किस उपचार पर विचार किए जाने की संभावना है?

1. Aनॉन-इनवेसिव वेंटिलेशन (NIV)
2. Bनेबुलाइज़्ड ब्रोंकोडायलेटर बंद करना
3. Cनॉन-रीब्रीदर मास्क से उच्च सांद्रता की ऑक्सीजन
4. Dसाँस की दर धीमी करने के लिए IV शामक

How does bladder training help urge incontinence?

1. AThe patient goes to the toilet every 15 minutes
2. BThe patient drinks as little as possible
3. CA catheter is used every night
4. DThe time between voids is slowly increased

हाइपोथायरॉइडिज़्म वाला मरीज़ जिसने हफ़्तों से दवा छोड़ रखी है, हाइपोथर्मिक और उनींदा भर्ती होता है, नाड़ी 46/min, कम सोडियम और बढ़ा PaCO₂ है। कौन-सी स्थिति सबसे संभावित है?

1. Aअधिवृक्क संकट
2. Bहीट स्ट्रोक
3. Cथायरॉइड स्टॉर्म
4. Dमिक्सोएडेमा कोमा

Which advice helps a person with diabetes prevent foot ulcers?

1. AWear tight shoes to support the ankles
2. BCut corns off at home with a sharp blade
3. CCheck the feet every day and never walk barefoot
4. DSoak the feet in very hot water every evening

Shortly after a spinal anaesthetic, a patient says their arms feel weak and it is hard to breathe, and the BP is falling. What is most likely?

1. AAn anxiety attack
2. BA post-dural puncture headache
3. CA normal spinal effect
4. DA high spinal block