उत्तरों सहित प्रयोगशाला मान और इलेक्ट्रोलाइट वर्कशीट

कान के सामने चेहरे की तंत्रिका को थपथपाने पर मुँह का कोना फड़कता है। इस चिह्न को क्या कहते हैं और यह क्या दर्शाता है?

1. Aट्रूसो का चिह्न, उच्च कैल्शियम का संकेत
2. Bबैबिन्स्की का चिह्न, कम सोडियम का संकेत
3. Cहोमन्स का चिह्न, उच्च पोटैशियम का संकेत
4. Dक्वोस्टेक का चिह्न, कम कैल्शियम का संकेत

बाँह पर रक्तचाप कफ़ फुलाने पर रोगी का हाथ कलाई मुड़ी हुई स्थिति में ऐंठ जाता है। यह चिह्न किस इलेक्ट्रोलाइट विकार का संकेत देता है?

1. Aहाइपरकैलेमिया
2. Bहाइपरनैट्रेमिया
3. Cहाइपोकैल्सीमिया
4. Dहाइपरकैल्सीमिया

A raised eosinophil count is most typical of:

1. AAllergic conditions and parasitic infections
2. BAcute bacterial pneumonia and sepsis
3. CViral infections such as glandular fever
4. DAcute blood loss after trauma

A patient with an upper gastrointestinal bleed has a BUN of 48 mg/dL (urea 17 mmol/L) and a normal creatinine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe kidneys have suddenly lost most of their function
2. BThe liver has stopped making urea because of the bleeding
3. CDigested blood adds protein, which the liver turns into urea
4. DSkeletal muscle is breaking down because of the blood loss

A patient with sickle cell disease takes hydroxyurea. Which laboratory test is monitored regularly for an adverse effect?

1. AUrine ketone level
2. BSerum lithium level
3. CComplete blood count
4. DSerum amylase level

A patient's levothyroxine dose was changed today. When is the TSH usually rechecked?

1. AAfter about 6–8 weeks
2. BAfter about 1 year
3. CAfter about 24 hours
4. DAfter about 3 days

A patient with a large, fast-growing lymphoma will start chemotherapy tomorrow. Which plan best prevents tumor lysis syndrome?

1. AFluid restriction and a high-potassium diet before the treatment
2. BCalcium supplements and a high-phosphate diet during treatment
3. CIV hydration, a uric acid-lowering drug and frequent electrolytes
4. DNo special measures, because the risk starts only after a week

A patient with acute kidney injury after severe dehydration has a rising creatinine. Which urine findings support a prerenal cause rather than acute tubular necrosis (ATN)?

1. AHigh urine sodium and dilute urine with muddy brown granular casts
2. BWhite cell casts with positive nitrites on the dipstick
3. CLow urine sodium and concentrated urine with a high specific gravity
4. DRed cell casts with heavy protein loss in the urine