उत्तरों सहित प्रयोगशाला मान और इलेक्ट्रोलाइट वर्कशीट

Why is AST less specific for liver damage than ALT?

1. AAST is also found in heart and skeletal muscle
2. BAST is found only in the kidney tubules
3. CAST is made by the bone marrow, not the liver
4. DAST is not measured in the blood at all

What is the main effect of aldosterone on the kidneys?

1. ASodium is excreted and potassium is retained
2. BSodium is retained and potassium is excreted
3. CGlucose is retained and urea is excreted
4. DCalcium is retained and phosphate is excreted

वयस्क में सीरम सोडियम की सामान्य संदर्भ सीमा क्या है?

1. A95–105 mEq/L
2. B3.5–5.0 mEq/L
3. C150–165 mEq/L
4. D135–145 mEq/L

An older adult takes lisinopril and furosemide and recently started daily ibuprofen for knee pain. The creatinine has risen from 1.0 to 1.8 mg/dL (88 to 159 µmol/L). What is the most likely cause?

1. AThe NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
2. BA laboratory error, since ibuprofen has no effect on the kidney
3. CMore activity has increased the patient's muscle mass quickly
4. DNormal aging of the kidneys over a period of a few weeks

A young adult with new diabetes has a very low C-peptide level. What does this suggest?

1. AThe patient has high insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes
2. BThe pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes
3. CThe kidneys are excreting all of the patient's insulin in urine
4. DThe patient is injecting too much insulin and needs a lower dose

A patient is starting dabigatran, a direct oral anticoagulant. Which laboratory test is most important to review before the first dose?

1. AKidney function (creatinine clearance)
2. BTSH, to rule out an overactive thyroid gland
3. CLipase, to rule out an inflamed pancreas first
4. DINR, to set the dose of the anticoagulant

रोगी की सुबह की खुराक के 2 घंटे बाद 1.0 mEq/L का लिथियम स्तर लिया गया, और निर्धारक खुराक बढ़ाने की योजना बना रहा है। नर्स को क्या इंगित करना चाहिए?

1. Aस्तर बहुत कम है, इसलिए बड़ी वृद्धि स्पष्ट रूप से सुरक्षित है
2. Bनमूना खुराक के बहुत जल्दी बाद लिया गया था, इसलिए यह मान्य स्तर नहीं है
3. Cलिथियम स्तर दिन के किसी भी समय परिणाम को प्रभावित किए बिना लिया जा सकता है
4. Dस्तर विषैला है, इसलिए लिथियम हमेशा के लिए बंद कर देनी चाहिए

A 68-year-old man has fatigue, a hemoglobin of 9.8 g/dL (98 g/L), an MCV of 72 fL and a low ferritin. He eats a normal diet. What is the most important next step?

1. AStart vitamin B₁₂ injections
2. BLook for a source of blood loss in the gut
3. CRepeat the blood count in one year
4. DGive iron and do no further tests at all