उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

What does "hypovolaemia" mean?

1. AA low level of sodium in the blood
2. BA low level of haemoglobin with a normal blood volume
3. CA reduced volume of blood in the circulation
4. DA high level of fluid in the tissues

हृदय विफलता वाला मरीज़ कहता है कि रात में आराम से साँस लेने के लिए उसे तीन तकियों की ज़रूरत पड़ती है। इस लक्षण को क्या कहते हैं?

1. Aब्रैडिप्निया
2. Bहीमोप्टाइसिस (खून की खाँसी)
3. Cटैकिप्निया
4. Dऑर्थोप्निया

Which side effect is particularly linked with spironolactone in men?

1. AA persistent dry, tickly cough
2. BOrange-red colouring of the urine
3. CHair loss on the scalp and eyebrows
4. DBreast enlargement (gynaecomastia)

A patient who had a leg amputation says they feel burning pain in the missing foot. What is the best response?

1. AAdvise that it will be ignored until it stops
2. BExplain that burning pain in the missing foot shows wound infection
3. CExplain that phantom limb pain is real and arrange treatment
4. DTell the patient the pain must be imaginary as the foot has gone

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. AHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
2. BLow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
3. CPotassium has no link with either medicine
4. DLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely

COPD में पल्मोनरी रिहैबिलिटेशन क्या है?

1. Aहर सर्दी में घर पर दिया जाने वाला मौखिक स्टेरॉइड और एंटीबायोटिक का कोर्स
2. Bनिगरानी में कसरत और शिक्षा जो साँस फूलना कम करती है
3. Cफेफड़े के सबसे क्षतिग्रस्त हिस्सों को निकालने की सर्जरी
4. Dहर छह महीने दोहराया जाने वाला फेफड़ों का कार्य परीक्षण

A patient taking ramipril and indapamide for hypertension starts regular ibuprofen for back pain. A week later, creatinine has risen sharply. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAn allergic reaction to the diuretic causing inflammation of the kidney
2. BAn ACE inhibitor, diuretic and NSAID together reducing kidney perfusion
3. CBack pain causing kidney damage
4. DIbuprofen raising the blood pressure to levels that damage the kidneys

During drainage of a large pleural effusion, a patient starts coughing and feels tight in the chest. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop or clamp the drainage and inform the doctor
2. BLie the patient flat until the drainage is complete
3. CSpeed up the drainage to finish quickly
4. DAsk the patient to cough harder to help the flow