उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

What is the usual SpO₂ of a healthy adult at rest breathing room air?

1. AAbout 60–65%
2. BAbout 70–75%
3. CAbout 80–85%
4. DAbout 95–100%

वयस्कों में मानक नेज़ल कैन्युला से ऑक्सीजन का सामान्य प्रवाह सीमा क्या है?

1. A10–15 L/min
2. B20–40 L/min
3. C1–6 L/min
4. D0.1–0.2 L/min

What does central cyanosis of the lips and tongue indicate?

1. ALow oxygen saturation of the arterial blood
2. BNormal findings in older adults
3. CCold hands caused by the room, with normal oxygen levels
4. DA high haemoglobin level only

A patient arrives with suspected cardiac chest pain. How soon should a 12-lead ECG be recorded?

1. AOnly after the troponin result is available
2. BWithin 2 hours of arrival
3. CThe following morning
4. DWithin about 10 minutes of arrival

Why should a long-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA) never be used alone in asthma?

1. AWithout an inhaled steroid, it is linked with severe and fatal attacks
2. BIt cannot be inhaled without a nebuliser
3. CIt always causes immediate severe bronchospasm when used on its own
4. DIt works only when it is taken together with a course of antibiotics

Shortly after a permanent pacemaker is inserted via the subclavian vein, the patient becomes breathless with reduced breath sounds on that side. What complication should be suspected?

1. APulmonary oedema
2. BAsthma
3. CPneumothorax
4. DPericarditis

Four hours after abdominal surgery, a patient's heart rate has risen from 84 to 122/min and they are restless and pale. BP is still 118/76 mmHg, and the surgical drain is filling with blood. What should the nurse conclude?

1. AEarly haemorrhagic shock is likely, so escalate urgently
2. BThe drain is working well, so no action is needed
3. CThe patient is stable because the blood pressure is normal
4. DThe tachycardia is from pain and needs only analgesia

After four days of antibiotics for pneumonia, a patient still has fever and pleuritic pain. There is dullness and reduced breath sounds at the right base. What complication should be suspected?

1. AAn allergic reaction to the antibiotic
2. BAsthma triggered by the infection
3. CA parapneumonic effusion or empyema
4. DNormal recovery from pneumonia