उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

Where is the apex beat normally felt in an adult?

1. AOver the middle of the breastbone
2. BJust below the right nipple
3. CThe fifth intercostal space in the left mid-clavicular line
4. DThe second intercostal space to the right of the sternum

What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

1. A6.80–7.00
2. B7.50–7.65
3. C7.00–7.20
4. D7.35–7.45

सर्जरी के बाद इंसेंटिव स्पाइरोमेट्री का उद्देश्य क्या है?

1. Aनेबुलाइज़्ड ब्रोंकोडायलेटर दवा देना
2. Bमरीज़ की ऑक्सीजन संतृप्ति मापना
3. Cगहरी साँसों को प्रोत्साहित करना और एटेलेक्टैसिस को रोकना
4. Dछुट्टी से पहले फेफड़ों का कार्य जाँचना

हाल ही में स्ट्रोक हुए और निगलने में कठिनाई वाले मरीज़ को बुखार और दाएँ निचले पालि में कड़कड़ाहट हो जाती है। सबसे संभावित कारण क्या है?

1. Aपल्मोनरी एम्बोलिज़्म
2. Bतीव्र अस्थमा
3. Cबाएँ निलय की विफलता
4. Dएस्पिरेशन निमोनिया

A patient is going home with a 24-hour Holter monitor. Which instruction is most important?

1. ARemove the monitor whenever symptoms occur and restart it
2. BShower as normal with the monitor on
3. CKeep a diary of symptoms and activities with the times
4. DStay in bed for the full 24 hours so the trace is clear

A patient with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator asks what to do if it fires. Which teaching is correct?

1. AOne shock and well: contact the device clinic; repeated shocks or unwell: call emergency services
2. BRemove the device battery at home if it fires more than once
3. CIgnore any shock at all, because the device is designed to fire every day and needs no follow-up
4. DDrive straight to hospital alone after any shock so the device can be checked by the team

After a faulty gas heater was found at home, a patient has headache, nausea and confusion. SpO₂ is 99% on air. What is the priority treatment?

1. AOxygen at 1 L/min via nasal cannula
2. BHigh-concentration oxygen via a non-rebreather mask
3. CParacetamol (acetaminophen) and observation only
4. DReassurance, because the oxygen saturation is normal

A patient with severe COPD has increasing ankle oedema and a raised JVP, but no crackles and a normal left ventricle on echocardiography. Which condition is most likely?

1. ADeep vein thrombosis
2. BCor pulmonale
3. CAortic stenosis
4. DLeft ventricular failure