उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

चेस्ट ड्रेन को पानी के नीचे की सील (अंडरवॉटर सील) से क्यों जोड़ा जाता है?

1. Aपानी हवा और द्रव को बाहर निकलने देता है पर हवा को वापस भीतर जाने से रोकता है
2. Bपानी फेफड़ों तक पहुँचने वाली हवा को नम करता है
3. Cपानी सूजी हुई प्लूरल गुहा को ठंडक और राहत देता है
4. Dपानी बहते द्रव में से जीवाणुओं को छान देता है

What happens to the lungs in emphysema?

1. AAlveolar walls are destroyed, reducing the surface for gas exchange
2. BThe airways narrow briefly and fully recover
3. CThe pleural space slowly fills with fluid that compresses the lung
4. DThe bronchi become permanently widened and repeatedly infected

What does central cyanosis of the lips and tongue indicate?

1. ACold hands caused by the room, with normal oxygen levels
2. BA high haemoglobin level only
3. CNormal findings in older adults
4. DLow oxygen saturation of the arterial blood

A patient has a prosthetic heart valve. Which teaching best reduces the risk of infective endocarditis?

1. AAvoid all physical exercise for the rest of their life
2. BKeep teeth and gums healthy with regular dental check-ups
3. CAvoid eating dairy products and raw vegetables
4. DTake a daily antibiotic tablet indefinitely

After a prescribed IV fluid bolus for hypotension, what should the nurse do next?

1. AWait until the next routine observations in four hours
2. BStart a second fluid bolus straight away without checking anything
3. CStop all monitoring if the patient says they feel better
4. DReassess heart rate, blood pressure, urine output and lung sounds

A patient who had a leg amputation says they feel burning pain in the missing foot. What is the best response?

1. AExplain that phantom limb pain is real and arrange treatment
2. BExplain that burning pain in the missing foot shows wound infection
3. CTell the patient the pain must be imaginary as the foot has gone
4. DAdvise that it will be ignored until it stops

डाबिगैट्रान ले रहे मरीज़ को गंभीर जठरांत्र रक्तस्राव होता है। कौन-सा विशिष्ट प्रतिकारक एजेंट उपयोग किया जा सकता है?

1. Aइडारुसिज़ुमैब
2. Bप्रोटामिन सल्फ़ेट
3. Cफ़ाइटोमेनाडियोन (विटामिन K)
4. Dकेवल ट्रैनेक्सामिक एसिड

A 28-year-old woman taking the combined pill comes in breathless and anxious. RR is 30/min, heart rate 118/min and SpO₂ 90% on air. A colleague says it is a panic attack. What should the nurse conclude?

1. ALow oxygen saturation is not explained by anxiety; PE must be excluded
2. BBreathing into a paper bag is the best first treatment for her
3. CShe should be sent home after a sedative
4. DThe saturation is normal for an anxious person who is breathing fast