उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

परिधीय धमनी रोग का कौन-सा लक्षण विशिष्ट है?

1. Aचलने पर पिंडली में ऐंठन जो आराम से ठीक हो जाए
2. Bटखनों के आसपास खुजली वाली भूरी त्वचा
3. Cटखने की सूजन जो दिन भर बढ़ती है और रात में कम हो जाती है
4. Dएक ओर की गर्म, लाल, सूजी हुई पिंडली

मायोकार्डियल इन्फार्क्शन के बाद ट्रोपोनिन का स्तर लगभग कितने समय तक बढ़ा रह सकता है?

1. Aलगभग 10–14 दिन तक
2. Bकेवल पहले 2 घंटे
3. Cलगभग 6 महीने तक
4. Dकेवल तब तक जब तक सीने का दर्द बंद न हो जाए

एट्रियल फ़िब्रिलेशन के लिए वारफ़रिन लेने वाले मरीज़ में सामान्य INR लक्ष्य सीमा क्या है?

1. A4.0–5.0
2. B0.5–1.0
3. C2.0–3.0
4. D1.0–1.5

A patient stops ramipril because of a troublesome dry cough. Which drug class is a common alternative?

1. AA loop diuretic such as furosemide
2. BA non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol
3. CA nitrate such as isosorbide mononitrate
4. DAn angiotensin II receptor blocker such as losartan

Which ECG change is classically linked with hyperkalaemia?

1. ADelta waves before the QRS
2. BProminent U waves
3. CA sawtooth baseline
4. DTall, peaked T waves

Which patient is most typical of a primary spontaneous pneumothorax?

1. AA middle-aged woman with high blood pressure
2. BAn older woman with long-standing heart failure
3. CA tall, thin young man who smokes
4. DA child with a viral sore throat

A nurse teaches a patient how to measure blood pressure at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will take two readings and write them both down."
2. B"I will rest quietly for five minutes before measuring."
3. C"I will sit with my back supported and my arm at heart level."
4. D"I will measure it straight after my morning jog."

Thirty minutes after extubation, a patient develops a high-pitched noise on breathing in and is anxious. SpO₂ is falling. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive a large drink of cold water to soothe the throat and settle it
2. BLay the patient flat and reassure them
3. CEncourage the patient to sleep it off and recheck them in an hour
4. DSit the patient up, give oxygen and call for urgent airway help