उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

In a healthy person, what is the main chemical stimulus for breathing?

1. AA falling level of glucose in the blood after fasting
2. BA rising level of carbon dioxide in the blood
3. CA rising level of oxygen in the blood
4. DA falling level of potassium in the blood

Finger clubbing is commonly linked with which condition?

1. ABronchiectasis
2. BMild asthma
3. CAcute bronchitis
4. DHigh blood pressure

In hospital, how is oxygen therapy treated?

1. AAs a treatment kept only for patients who are near the end of life
2. BAs a comfort measure that needs no prescription or monitoring
3. CAs a treatment that patients adjust themselves
4. DAs a medicine that needs a prescription with a target range

A patient with diabetes is starting a beta-blocker. What should the nurse teach about hypoglycaemia?

1. AHypoglycaemia will always cause a very slow and weak pulse
2. BInsulin should be stopped while taking a beta-blocker
3. CThe beta-blocker will prevent all episodes of hypoglycaemia
4. DSome warning signs, such as a fast heartbeat, may be masked

During an episode of chest pain, a patient's ECG shows new horizontal ST depression. What does this most likely indicate?

1. APericarditis
2. BA normal finding during pain
3. CHyperkalaemia
4. DMyocardial ischaemia

After an above-knee amputation, which measure helps prevent a hip flexion contracture?

1. ALying prone for periods and avoiding pillows under the stump
2. BKeeping the hip bent to reduce stump swelling
3. CSitting in a chair for most of the day with the hips bent
4. DKeeping a pillow under the stump at all times, day and night

Minutes after an IV antibiotic is started, a patient has wheeze, swollen lips, a rash and BP 78/44 mmHg. The infusion has been stopped and help called. What is the next priority?

1. AGive a nebulised salbutamol dose only
2. BGive an oral antihistamine tablet and observe for an hour
3. CRestart the infusion at a slower rate
4. DGive intramuscular adrenaline (epinephrine)

A patient who has had a total laryngectomy becomes breathless and needs oxygen. How should it be given?

1. AVia a standard face mask over the nose and mouth
2. BVia a non-rebreather mask over the mouth only
3. CVia a mask or humidified device over the neck stoma
4. DVia nasal cannula at 2 L/min