उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

What is an embolus?

1. AA clot that stays fixed in the vessel where it first formed
2. BA narrowing of an artery caused by a build-up of fatty plaque
3. CA clot or other mass that travels in the blood and lodges elsewhere
4. DA bulge in the weakened wall of an artery that may rupture

How is cardiac output calculated?

1. AMean arterial pressure multiplied by heart rate
2. BStroke volume divided by heart rate
3. CHeart rate multiplied by stroke volume
4. DSystolic pressure minus diastolic pressure

What is haemoptysis?

1. ABlood in the urine
2. BCoughing up blood from the lungs or airways
3. CBleeding from the nose that runs into the throat
4. DVomiting blood that comes from the stomach

How does digoxin help a patient with atrial fibrillation and heart failure?

1. AIt dissolves clots that have formed in the left atrium
2. BIt speeds conduction through the AV node to the ventricles
3. CIt slows AV node conduction and increases contractility
4. DIt lowers potassium to stabilise the heart

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a steroid inhaler at the same times each day. Which order is usually taught?

1. ASteroid first, then salbutamol straight afterwards
2. BSalbutamol first, then the steroid after a short wait
3. CBoth inhalers puffed together in one breath
4. DThe order makes no difference to either drug

A patient's blood pressure is 120/60 mmHg. What is the approximate mean arterial pressure?

1. A90 mmHg
2. B80 mmHg
3. C100 mmHg
4. D60 mmHg

A patient is going home after a spontaneous pneumothorax treated with a chest drain. Which advice is correct?

1. AFly home as soon as possible so they can recover in comfort there
2. BStop smoking and do not fly until a doctor confirms full resolution
3. CExpect it never to happen again, so no follow-up is needed
4. DTake up scuba diving to strengthen the lungs

COPD वाला मरीज़ दीर्घकालिक ऑक्सीजन के साथ घर जा रहा है। सुरक्षा के लिए कौन-सा शिक्षण बिंदु सबसे महत्वपूर्ण है?

1. Aसाँस फूलने पर प्रवाह जितना ज़रूरी हो उतना बढ़ा दें
2. Bऑक्सीजन के पास कभी धूम्रपान न करें और खुली लौ न रखें
3. Cअतिरिक्त सिलिंडर चूल्हे के बगल में रखें
4. Dसूखी नाक को आराम देने के लिए पेट्रोलियम जेली का उपयोग करें