उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

Which symptom lasting more than three weeks is a classic warning sign of laryngeal cancer?

1. AMild sneezing and a runny nose in the morning
2. BOccasional hiccups
3. CPersistent hoarseness of the voice
4. DItching of the eyes

Which electrolyte do ACE inhibitors commonly raise?

1. ACalcium
2. BSodium
3. CMagnesium
4. DPotassium

परिधीय धमनी रोग का कौन-सा लक्षण विशिष्ट है?

1. Aटखनों के आसपास खुजली वाली भूरी त्वचा
2. Bचलने पर पिंडली में ऐंठन जो आराम से ठीक हो जाए
3. Cएक ओर की गर्म, लाल, सूजी हुई पिंडली
4. Dटखने की सूजन जो दिन भर बढ़ती है और रात में कम हो जाती है

A patient with a mechanical heart valve asks to switch from warfarin to apixaban. What is the correct response?

1. AAny anticoagulant works equally well once the valve is in place
2. BAspirin alone can replace warfarin once the valve has healed
3. CDirect oral anticoagulants are not used for mechanical valves
4. DMechanical valves do not need anticoagulation after the first month

A patient has a prosthetic heart valve. Which teaching best reduces the risk of infective endocarditis?

1. AAvoid all physical exercise for the rest of their life
2. BAvoid eating dairy products and raw vegetables
3. CKeep teeth and gums healthy with regular dental check-ups
4. DTake a daily antibiotic tablet indefinitely

After an above-knee amputation, which measure helps prevent a hip flexion contracture?

1. AKeeping a pillow under the stump at all times, day and night
2. BLying prone for periods and avoiding pillows under the stump
3. CKeeping the hip bent to reduce stump swelling
4. DSitting in a chair for most of the day with the hips bent

The stump of a recent below-knee amputation suddenly bleeds heavily through the dressing. What should the nurse do first?

1. AApply firm direct pressure and call for urgent surgical help
2. BEncourage the patient to walk on crutches to ease the pressure
3. CApply a warm compress to the stump
4. DRemove all the dressings and wait for the bleeding to stop by itself

A 28-year-old woman taking the combined pill comes in breathless and anxious. RR is 30/min, heart rate 118/min and SpO₂ 90% on air. A colleague says it is a panic attack. What should the nurse conclude?

1. ALow oxygen saturation is not explained by anxiety; PE must be excluded
2. BThe saturation is normal for an anxious person who is breathing fast
3. CBreathing into a paper bag is the best first treatment for her
4. DShe should be sent home after a sedative