उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: हृदय-संवहनी और श्वसन वर्कशीट

शिरापरक पैर के अल्सर सबसे अधिक कहाँ होते हैं?

1. Aतलवे पर मेटाटार्सल सिरों के नीचे
2. Bपैर की उँगलियों के सिरों पर
3. Cएड़ी के पीछे
4. Dमीडियल मैलियोलस (टखने के भीतरी उभार) के ऊपर

हृदय विफलता वाला मरीज़ कहता है कि रात में आराम से साँस लेने के लिए उसे तीन तकियों की ज़रूरत पड़ती है। इस लक्षण को क्या कहते हैं?

1. Aहीमोप्टाइसिस (खून की खाँसी)
2. Bटैकिप्निया
3. Cब्रैडिप्निया
4. Dऑर्थोप्निया

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the superior and inferior venae cavae?

1. AThe right ventricle
2. BThe left ventricle
3. CThe right atrium
4. DThe left atrium

How big should a suction catheter be compared with the tracheostomy or endotracheal tube?

1. AExactly the same diameter as the tube, for a tight fit
2. BAny size, as the diameter does not matter
3. CLarger than the tube, so that it clears it completely
4. DNo more than half the internal diameter of the tube

Why is a shock for cardioversion synchronised with the QRS complex?

1. ATo keep the pads from burning the skin
2. BTo avoid delivering the shock during the T wave
3. CTo make the shock less painful for the patient
4. DTo allow the use of a lower battery charge

A patient has episodes of severe headache, sweating and palpitations with very high blood pressure. Which rare cause should be considered?

1. AStable angina
2. BAsthma
3. CPhaeochromocytoma
4. DAortic stenosis

Four hours after abdominal surgery, a patient's heart rate has risen from 84 to 122/min and they are restless and pale. BP is still 118/76 mmHg, and the surgical drain is filling with blood. What should the nurse conclude?

1. AThe drain is working well, so no action is needed
2. BEarly haemorrhagic shock is likely, so escalate urgently
3. CThe patient is stable because the blood pressure is normal
4. DThe tachycardia is from pain and needs only analgesia

On a ventilated patient, the end-tidal CO₂ waveform suddenly drops to zero. What should the nurse suspect first?

1. AA rise in the patient's body temperature over the last hour
2. BTube displacement, disconnection or obstruction
3. CNormal variation that needs no action
4. DA sudden improvement in the patient's lung function