उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: पाचन, शल्य-पूर्व/पश्चात और कैंसर वर्कशीट

In many adult guidelines, how long before an elective anaesthetic can clear fluids usually be drunk?

1. AUp to 10 minutes before
2. BUp to 24 hours before
3. CUp to 2 hours before
4. DUp to 12 hours before

What is the purpose of anti-embolism stockings for surgical patients?

1. ATo prevent pressure ulcers on the heels
2. BTo reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis
3. CTo lower the blood pressure after surgery
4. DTo keep the legs warm in theatre

In widely used guidelines, which core temperature defines perioperative hypothermia?

1. ABelow 38.0 °C
2. BBelow 32.0 °C
3. CBelow 36.0 °C
4. DBelow 37.5 °C

How should a patient use an incentive spirometer after surgery?

1. ABreathe in slowly and deeply, then hold briefly
2. BBlow out as hard and as fast as possible
3. CUse it once a day, just before going to sleep at night
4. DBreathe quickly in and out ten times in a row

Why are carbohydrate drinks often given before surgery in enhanced recovery programmes?

1. ATo reduce insulin resistance and improve recovery
2. BTo raise the blood pressure during the anaesthetic
3. CTo replace the need for any IV fluids afterwards
4. DTo make the bowels open before the operation

Patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors may develop immune-related side effects. Which symptom should they report promptly?

1. ANew diarrhoea or abdominal pain
2. BA small bruise after a knock
3. CSlight hair thinning over months
4. DMild tiredness after a busy day

After a high-voltage electrical injury, a patient's urine is dark red-brown. What does this suggest and what is the usual aim?

1. AMyoglobin from muscle damage; a higher urine output target
2. BNormal concentrated urine; restrict fluids
3. CA urinary infection; send a sample and wait for the result
4. DBleeding from the bladder; stop all fluids

Four patients from a house fire arrive in the emergency department. Which should the nurse assess first?

1. AA blistered forearm burn and a small cut on the knee
2. BCircumferential chest burns, with breathing becoming shallow and laboured
3. CPartial-thickness burns to both legs, with pain rated 8/10
4. DRedness on the backs of both hands, and very anxious