उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: पाचन, शल्य-पूर्व/पश्चात और कैंसर वर्कशीट

Which lifestyle advice helps reduce night-time reflux symptoms?

1. ASleep flat on several pillows placed under the knees
2. BHave the largest meal of the day just before going to bed to aid sleep
3. CDrink a large glass of fizzy water before lying down
4. DNo food for 3 hours before bed, with the head of the bed raised

What is a Hartmann's procedure?

1. ARemoval of part of the colon with an end colostomy and rectal stump
2. BJoining the stomach directly to the small bowel
3. CRemoval of the gallbladder through several small abdominal incisions
4. DPlacing a stent in the bile duct

What is the main serious risk of paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose?

1. AStomach bleeding
2. BRespiratory depression
3. CHearing loss
4. DLiver damage

A patient has taken oral prednisolone daily for many months. Why is this important before surgery?

1. ASteroids make the anaesthetic drugs last much longer
2. BSteroids must always be stopped a full week before any type of surgery
3. CThey may need extra steroid cover to prevent an adrenal crisis
4. DSteroids prevent all wound infections after surgery

Which technique is correct when giving a prefilled low molecular weight heparin injection?

1. AInject into a vein in the back of the hand
2. BLeave the air bubble in and inject into a skin fold
3. CRub the site firmly afterwards to help absorption
4. DExpel the air bubble first and inject into the deltoid muscle

तीव्र ऊपरी जठरांत्र रक्तस्राव वाले मरीज़ का आगमन पर हीमोग्लोबिन सामान्य है। यह भ्रामक क्यों हो सकता है?

1. Aआंत से रक्तस्राव का हीमोग्लोबिन पर कोई असर नहीं होता
2. Bकिसी भी रक्त हानि के बाद हीमोग्लोबिन शुरू में हमेशा बढ़ता है
3. Cयह द्रव के स्थानांतरण या IV द्रवों से रक्त के तनु होने के बाद ही गिरता है
4. Dहीमोग्लोबिन पूरे एक सप्ताह लगातार रक्तस्राव के बाद ही गिरता है

A patient has sharp, tearing pain on passing stool, "like passing glass", with a streak of fresh blood. Which condition is most likely?

1. AUpper GI bleeding
2. BAnal fissure
3. CCrohn's disease of the ileum
4. DColorectal cancer

Shortly after a spinal anaesthetic, a patient says their arms feel weak and it is hard to breathe, and the BP is falling. What is most likely?

1. AAn anxiety attack
2. BA normal spinal effect
3. CA post-dural puncture headache
4. DA high spinal block