उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: पाचन, शल्य-पूर्व/पश्चात और कैंसर वर्कशीट

सामान्य एनेस्थीसिया से पहले मरीज़ों को उपवास करने के लिए क्यों कहा जाता है?

1. Aस्कैन में आंत को आसानी से देखने के लिए
2. Bऑपरेशन के दौरान रक्तस्राव घटाने के लिए
3. Cरक्त ग्लूकोज़ स्तर को सामान्य से ऊँचा रखने के लिए
4. Dआमाशय की सामग्री के एस्पिरेशन का जोखिम घटाने के लिए

What is metastasis?

1. AShrinking of a tumour after treatment
2. BSpread of cancer cells to a distant part of the body
3. CHealing of tissue after a biopsy
4. DThe first appearance of a tumour in a single organ of the body

Radiotherapy to the pelvis commonly causes which side effects?

1. ACough and breathlessness
2. BHair loss from the scalp
3. CDry mouth and changes in taste for many months afterwards
4. DDiarrhoea and frequent, painful passing of urine

A patient takes co-codamol at home (a combination tablet sold under different names in different countries). Why should the nurse check this before giving regular paracetamol (acetaminophen)?

1. ACo-codamol stops paracetamol from working
2. BParacetamol and codeine cause a severe allergic reaction when combined
3. CCo-codamol must be stopped a week before any paracetamol
4. DIt already contains paracetamol, so overdose could occur

A day after a spinal anaesthetic, a patient has a headache that is worse when sitting up and better when lying flat. What is the most likely cause?

1. AMigraine caused by hospital lighting
2. BPost-dural puncture headache
3. CA side effect of the antibiotic
4. DRaised blood pressure from pain

Why is IV hydration given with cisplatin?

1. ATo protect the kidneys from damage
2. BTo raise the blood pressure during treatment
3. CTo make the drug less effective
4. DTo prevent hair loss

Two days after surgery, a patient on regular ibuprofen has a low urine output and a rising creatinine, and intake has been poor. What should the nurse do?

1. AChange to a higher-strength NSAID tablet
2. BIncrease the dose to treat the pain better and encourage fluids
3. CWithhold the next dose and report to the prescriber
4. DGive the next dose with extra food

Using the adult rule of nines, what is the total burn area of the whole right arm plus the whole front of the trunk (both with partial-thickness burns)?

1. A18%
2. B27%
3. C45%
4. D36%