उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: पाचन, शल्य-पूर्व/पश्चात और कैंसर वर्कशीट

What is the first phase of wound healing?

1. AProliferation
2. BMaturation
3. CEpithelialisation
4. DHaemostasis

Why is a temporary loop ileostomy often formed after a low bowel resection?

1. ATo remove the whole colon permanently in a single operation
2. BTo let the patient eat without chewing
3. CTo drain urine from the kidneys
4. DTo divert stool while the join further down heals

Which exercises are usually taught to patients before major surgery?

1. ALong-distance running every day
2. BDeep breathing, coughing and leg exercises
3. CHolding the breath for as long as possible
4. DHeavy weightlifting to build strength

गंभीर तीव्र पैंक्रियाटाइटिस में कौन-सी इलेक्ट्रोलाइट समस्या हो सकती है?

1. Aहाइपोकैल्सीमिया
2. Bहाइपरकैलीमिया
3. Cहाइपरकैल्सीमिया
4. Dहाइपरनैट्रीमिया

How can low-dose opioids help a patient with breathlessness from advanced cancer?

1. AThey increase the oxygen level in the blood
2. BThey open the airways like an inhaler
3. CThey reduce the feeling of breathlessness
4. DThey cure the underlying lung disease

Which statement about pain relief in acute pancreatitis is correct?

1. APain relief should be withheld until the diagnosis is certain
2. BOnly paracetamol may be given
3. COpioids must never be used in pancreatitis
4. DOpioids can be used, and good analgesia is a priority

An older patient on regular opioids has small amounts of liquid stool leaking all day, but has not had a formed bowel movement for 6 days. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA flare of ulcerative colitis
2. BNormal stool pattern on opioids
3. CFaecal impaction with overflow
4. DAcute infective gastroenteritis

On day 5 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes breathless, with sharp chest pain on breathing in, a pulse of 120/min and SpO₂ 89%. What should the nurse suspect and do first?

1. AWound infection; take a wound swab and wait for results
2. BAnxiety; give reassurance and repeat the observations in an hour's time
3. CSimple atelectasis; encourage walking around the ward
4. DPulmonary embolism; sit up, give oxygen and call for urgent help