उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दा वर्कशीट

Which nerve cells are damaged in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neurone disease)?

1. ASensory nerves in the skin only
2. BThe nerves of the autonomic system only
3. CThe optic nerves and retina
4. DUpper and lower motor neurons

What is a goitre?

1. AA tumour of the adrenal gland
2. BA swollen lymph node in the armpit
3. CAn overactive parathyroid gland
4. DAn enlarged thyroid gland

हीमोडायलिसिस फ़िस्टुला वाली बाँह पर किस कार्य से बचना चाहिए?

1. Aरक्तचाप कफ़ या रक्त के नमूने
2. Bथ्रिल के लिए फ़िस्टुला पर हल्के से हाथ फेरना
3. Cउसे साबुन और पानी से धोना
4. Dबाँह को सामान्य तरीके से हिलाना

A patient with myasthenia gravis wants to plan a busy day. Which advice fits the disease?

1. AAvoid rest periods, because rest makes the weakness worse
2. BExercise to exhaustion so the muscles get stronger quickly
3. CDo the hardest tasks in the evening when muscles are warmed up
4. DDo demanding tasks in the morning or when the drug works best

Which CSF result is most typical of bacterial meningitis?

1. AClear fluid, many lymphocytes, normal glucose and slightly raised protein
2. BClear fluid with normal cells, glucose and protein
3. CBlood-stained fluid that clears in later tubes
4. DCloudy fluid, many neutrophils, low glucose and high protein

In the first trimester of pregnancy, why is propylthiouracil often preferred to carbimazole for hyperthyroidism?

1. APropylthiouracil has no side effects at all
2. BPropylthiouracil works faster than any other drug
3. CCarbimazole has a higher risk of birth defects early on
4. DCarbimazole cannot cross into the mother's blood

A patient has frothy urine and marked leg swelling. Serum albumin is 18 g/L (1.8 g/dL), and BP is normal. The urine shows heavy protein but little blood. What is most likely?

1. ANephrotic syndrome
2. BNephritic syndrome
3. CA urethral stricture
4. DAcute pyelonephritis

The day after a lumbar puncture, a patient has a headache that is severe when standing and almost gone when lying flat. Temperature and neck movement are normal. What is the most likely cause?

1. ABacterial meningitis from the procedure
2. BA migraine triggered by stress
3. CA subarachnoid haemorrhage
4. DPost-dural puncture headache