उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दा वर्कशीट

Which organism causes most urinary tract infections?

1. AEscherichia coli
2. BStaphylococcus aureus
3. CCandida albicans
4. DStreptococcus pneumoniae

हाइपरथायरॉइडिज़्म के लिए लक्षणों का कौन-सा समूह विशिष्ट है?

1. Aगर्मी सहन न होना, वज़न घटना, कंपन और धड़कन
2. Bकब्ज़, रूखी त्वचा, भंगुर नाखून और मोटे, पतले होते बाल
3. Cठंड सहन न होना, वज़न बढ़ना और धीमी नाड़ी दर
4. Dभारी आवाज़, फूला चेहरा और धीमी सोच

Which feature best distinguishes delirium from dementia?

1. AGetting lost in places that were familiar
2. BA sudden onset with attention that comes and goes
3. CDifficulty finding the right words
4. DMemory problems in a person over the age of 75

A patient has a nephrostomy tube. Which finding needs urgent action?

1. ASteady urine drainage into the bag
2. BA dry, intact dressing at the site
3. CDrainage that stops suddenly with new loin pain
4. DLight pink urine on the first day after insertion

A patient with Addison's disease takes fludrocortisone as well as hydrocortisone. Why?

1. ATo lower the blood pressure
2. BTo replace the missing adrenaline
3. CTo treat a low thyroid hormone level
4. DTo replace the missing aldosterone

An 80-year-old with angina is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. How is levothyroxine usually started?

1. AAs a single large weekly injection
2. BAt a low dose, increased slowly
3. CAt a full dose from the first day
4. DOnly after the angina has been cured

A patient with polycystic kidney disease suddenly has the worst headache of their life and neck stiffness. What should the nurse suspect?

1. APain spreading upwards from a kidney cyst
2. BA urinary infection that has spread
3. CA migraine linked to high blood pressure
4. DA subarachnoid haemorrhage from a brain aneurysm

A patient with untreated end-stage kidney disease has chest pain that is worse lying flat and better sitting forward. A rub is heard over the heart. What is most likely?

1. AA rib fracture from coughing
2. BIndigestion from phosphate binders
3. CUraemic pericarditis, which usually needs urgent dialysis
4. DA stable angina attack, which needs only a nitrate spray and rest