उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दा वर्कशीट

Which classic triad is described in renal cell carcinoma, although few patients have all three?

1. AFever, headache and a stiff neck
2. BHaematuria, flank pain and a palpable mass
3. CPolyuria, thirst and weight loss with tiredness
4. DDysuria, frequency and urgency

How is diabetic retinopathy usually picked up early?

1. ARegular eye screening with retinal photographs
2. BWaiting until the patient notices blurred vision
3. CChecking the pupils with a torch at every visit
4. DA yearly blood test for HbA1c only

How should a peritoneal dialysis catheter exit site be cared for?

1. ASoaked in a hot bath every day
2. BCovered with a tight bandage and not looked at for a week
3. CKept clean and dry and checked daily for redness
4. DCleaned with a strong bleach solution

A patient with diabetic neuropathy has an ulcer on the ball of the foot. Which measure is most important for healing?

1. ATaking pressure off the ulcer
2. BSoaking the foot in hot water daily
3. CWalking more to improve blood flow
4. DCovering it and checking it in a month

Which complication is a particular risk in nephrotic syndrome?

1. AVenous thrombosis
2. BBleeding from low platelets
3. CHypoglycaemia
4. DLow cholesterol

Why can a patient with an insulin pump develop DKA within hours if the pump stops working?

1. AThe pump gives long-acting insulin, which builds up and stops working all at once
2. BThe body becomes allergic to insulin when the pump stops
3. CThe battery in the pump releases chemicals into the blood
4. DThe pump gives only rapid-acting insulin, so there is no long-acting reserve

An older patient with a UTI is now confused, with a respiratory rate of 24/min, BP 88/50 mmHg and a pulse of 120/min. What should happen?

1. ATreat the confusion with a sedative
2. BStart sepsis care at once, with IV antibiotics and fluids
3. CGive oral antibiotics and recheck in four hours
4. DEncourage oral fluids and wait for the urine culture

A patient with Parkinson's disease is nil by mouth after abdominal surgery. Their levodopa is due. What is the best action?

1. AContact the prescriber or pharmacist about another route
2. BGive double the dose once eating restarts
3. COmit the dose until the patient can swallow again
4. DGive the tablets with a sip of water anyway