उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दा वर्कशीट

कुशिंग सिंड्रोम की कौन-सी विशेषताएँ विशिष्ट हैं?

1. Aवज़न घटना, निम्न रक्तचाप और गहरी होती त्वचा
2. Bठंड सहन न होना, धीमी नाड़ी, रूखी त्वचा और फैले हुए बाल झड़ना
3. Cबहुत प्यास के साथ बड़ी मात्रा में तनु मूत्र
4. Dकेंद्रीय वज़न वृद्धि, गोल चेहरा, पतली त्वचा, उच्च ग्लूकोज़

In countries with enough iodine in the diet, what is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

1. AThyroid cancer
2. BA pituitary tumour pressing on the gland
3. CToo much iodine in salt
4. DAutoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's)

How does haemodialysis remove waste from the blood?

1. AA filter in the stomach absorbs waste from food
2. BWaste diffuses across a membrane into a cleaning fluid
3. CThe blood is spun so that waste sinks to the bottom
4. DThe waste is removed through a tube in the bladder

A patient uses a continuous glucose monitor. Which statement is correct?

1. AIt works by giving small doses of insulin automatically
2. BIt measures glucose directly in the blood every second of the day
3. CIt makes finger-prick checks unnecessary in every situation
4. DIt reads glucose in fluid under the skin, a little behind blood glucose

A patient with advanced CKD asks how to manage indigestion. Which option should they avoid?

1. AEating smaller, more frequent meals
2. BAvoiding large meals late in the evening
3. CRaising the head of the bed at night
4. DMagnesium-containing antacids

Before surgery for a phaeochromocytoma, why is an alpha-blocker started before any beta-blocker?

1. AA beta-blocker alone can cause a dangerous rise in BP
2. BBeta-blockers given first would make the tumour grow faster
3. CThe order of the two drugs makes no difference
4. DAlpha-blockers lower the blood glucose before surgery

A patient with a known ureteric stone develops a fever of 39 °C (102.2 °F) and rigors. Scanning shows a blocked, swollen kidney. What is needed?

1. AOral antibiotics and waiting for the stone to pass
2. BUrgent drainage of the kidney plus IV antibiotics
3. CStrong pain relief alone, then discharge
4. DA fluid restriction to reduce the swelling

A drowsy patient's glucose meter shows "HI". What should the nurse do?

1. AGive glucose gel in case the reading is wrong
2. BAssume the meter is broken and recheck tomorrow
3. CRecord "normal" in the notes because no number appears
4. DTreat it as very high, check ketones and escalate