उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दा वर्कशीट

Why does a patient with a kidney transplant need lifelong medicines?

1. ATo stop the immune system rejecting the new kidney
2. BTo help the new kidney make more urine each day
3. CTo keep the blood pressure low enough
4. DTo prevent kidney stones in the new kidney

How is diabetic retinopathy usually picked up early?

1. AChecking the pupils with a torch at every visit
2. BRegular eye screening with retinal photographs
3. CA yearly blood test for HbA1c only
4. DWaiting until the patient notices blurred vision

In peritoneal dialysis, what acts as the dialysis membrane?

1. AThe lining of the abdominal cavity
2. BThe wall of the bladder
3. CThe lining of the stomach
4. DA filter in a machine outside the body

Which statement about giving IV potassium is correct?

1. AIt needs no monitoring at all once the infusion is running
2. BIt is diluted and given through an infusion pump, never as a bolus
3. CIt can be given quickly as a push to correct the level fast
4. DIt is safest given through a small vein in the hand at a fast rate

After a lumbar discectomy, which finding should the nurse report promptly?

1. AMild pain at the wound site
2. BNew weakness or numbness in the legs
3. CStiffness when getting out of bed
4. DA dry, intact wound dressing

Before a haemodialysis catheter is used, why is the lock solution withdrawn from each lumen?

1. AIt contains air that keeps the line open
2. BIt contains concentrated anticoagulant
3. CIt contains the patient's urine
4. DIt contains a strong antibiotic that must be kept

A nurse teaches a young adult with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will tell my friends what to do if I have a seizure."
2. B"I will take a shower rather than a bath."
3. C"As long as I take my tablets, I can swim alone."
4. D"I will keep a record of any seizures I have."

A patient with type 1 diabetes has a seizure on the ward. Their capillary glucose is 1.9 mmol/L (34 mg/dL). They cannot swallow. What is the most appropriate treatment?

1. AGlucose gel squeezed into the mouth during the seizure
2. BAn antiepileptic drug only, because seizures need seizure treatment
3. CIV glucose or IM glucagon, then recheck the glucose
4. DA rapid-acting insulin dose to stabilise the glucose