उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दा वर्कशीट

Why does a patient with a kidney transplant need lifelong medicines?

1. ATo help the new kidney make more urine each day
2. BTo prevent kidney stones in the new kidney
3. CTo keep the blood pressure low enough
4. DTo stop the immune system rejecting the new kidney

How should a peritoneal dialysis catheter exit site be cared for?

1. ACleaned with a strong bleach solution
2. BCovered with a tight bandage and not looked at for a week
3. CSoaked in a hot bath every day
4. DKept clean and dry and checked daily for redness

What is the normal range for serum potassium in an adult?

1. AAbout 135–145 mmol/L
2. BAbout 6.0–7.5 mmol/L
3. CAbout 3.5–5.0 mmol/L
4. DAbout 1.5–2.5 mmol/L

Why should antiepileptic drugs not be stopped suddenly?

1. AStopping them suddenly causes a dangerous rise in blood pressure
2. BStopping them suddenly causes permanent damage to the liver and kidneys
3. CThe drugs build up in the body and become toxic after stopping
4. DSudden withdrawal can trigger seizures, including status epilepticus

Why are patients with an acute spinal cord injury at high risk of deep vein thrombosis?

1. ASpinal injuries always damage the large veins of the legs
2. BThey usually take oestrogen as part of their treatment
3. CParalysed leg muscles no longer pump blood back to the heart
4. DThe injury makes the blood too thin to clot properly in the veins

Why is IV calcium gluconate given in severe hyperkalaemia?

1. AIt protects the heart from arrhythmias
2. BIt moves potassium into the cells
3. CIt binds potassium in the gut
4. DIt removes potassium through the kidneys

A patient who has taken prednisolone daily for years is vomiting and cannot keep tablets down. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the tablets again after every vomit
2. BGive the next dose with a glass of milk
3. CEscalate urgently for steroid by injection
4. DOmit the steroid until the vomiting stops

पेरिटोनियल डायलिसिस वाले मरीज़ को लगता है कि भीतर डाले गए की तुलना में कम द्रव बाहर निकल रहा है। उसने चार दिन से मल त्याग नहीं किया है, और निकला द्रव साफ़ है। सबसे संभावित कारण क्या है?

1. Aडायलिसेट बहुत ठंडा दिया गया
2. Bजीवाणुजन्य पेरिटोनाइटिस
3. Cकब्ज़ जो निकासी को रोक रही है
4. Dसामान्य अवशोषण जिसमें किसी कार्रवाई की आवश्यकता नहीं