उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दा वर्कशीट

What is automated peritoneal dialysis?

1. ADialysis in hospital through an arm fistula
2. BExchanges done overnight by a machine
3. CDialysis that needs no fluid at all
4. DA single exchange done once a week

डायबिटीज़ इन्सिपिडस के लिए कौन-सा निष्कर्ष विशिष्ट है?

1. Aबड़ी मात्रा में तनु मूत्र और बहुत प्यास
2. Bकम मात्रा में बहुत सांद्र मूत्र
3. Cउच्च रक्त ग्लूकोज़ और मूत्र में बहुत ग्लूकोज़
4. Dकम सीरम सोडियम के साथ द्रव का रुकाव

How does glucagon raise blood glucose?

1. AIt stops the kidneys losing glucose in urine
2. BIt adds glucose directly into the bloodstream
3. CIt blocks the absorption of glucose in muscle
4. DIt makes the liver release stored glucose

Which picture fits Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1. AWeakness on the same side and loss of pain on the opposite side
2. BLoss of all feeling but normal movement on both sides
3. CParalysis of both legs, with normal sensation everywhere in the body
4. DWeakness of both arms with normal strength in the legs

Why can a patient with an insulin pump develop DKA within hours if the pump stops working?

1. AThe body becomes allergic to insulin when the pump stops
2. BThe pump gives only rapid-acting insulin, so there is no long-acting reserve
3. CThe pump gives long-acting insulin, which builds up and stops working all at once
4. DThe battery in the pump releases chemicals into the blood

A patient with type 1 diabetes plans a long cycle ride. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. ACheck glucose before and after, and carry fast-acting carbohydrate
2. BSkip breakfast so the exercise burns body fat
3. CAvoid checking glucose until the ride is over
4. DTake an extra dose of rapid-acting insulin before setting off

An adult stares blankly for about a minute, smacks their lips and fumbles with their clothes. Afterwards they are confused for ten minutes and remember nothing. Which seizure type fits best?

1. AFocal impaired awareness seizure
2. BAbsence seizure
3. CAtonic (drop) seizure with a fall
4. DMyoclonic seizure

A patient's glucose is 6.2 mmol/L (112 mg/dL) at 03:00 and 12 mmol/L (216 mg/dL) before breakfast. No hypoglycaemia occurred overnight. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AA large snack eaten in the night by mistake
2. BThe Somogyi effect from a night-time hypo
3. CThe meter is faulty and should be replaced
4. DThe dawn phenomenon from early-morning hormones