उत्तरों सहित मेड-सर्ज: तंत्रिका, अंतःस्रावी और गुर्दा वर्कशीट

Which statement about adult polycystic kidney disease is correct?

1. AIt is caused by drinking too little water
2. BIt only ever affects one of the two kidneys
3. CIt is caused by repeated urinary infections
4. DIt is inherited, and cysts slowly enlarge both kidneys

Which isolation precautions are used for a patient with suspected meningococcal meningitis?

1. ANo extra precautions, because it is not infectious
2. BAirborne precautions in a negative pressure room for 2 weeks
3. CDroplet precautions until about 24 hours of effective antibiotics
4. DContact precautions only, with gloves for skin contact

Which description best fits an absence seizure?

1. AA sudden loss of muscle tone that makes the person fall
2. BStiffening and then jerking of all four limbs for several minutes
3. CJerking that starts in one hand and spreads up the arm
4. DA brief staring spell of a few seconds with a quick return to normal

स्ट्रोक के लिए IV थ्रोम्बोलाइसिस के बाद पहले 24 घंटों में कौन-से अवलोकन सबसे महत्वपूर्ण हैं?

1. Aकेवल दैनिक वज़न और द्रव संतुलन
2. Bहर घंटे पीक फ़्लो और ऑक्सीजन संतृप्ति
3. Cबार-बार तंत्रिका संबंधी जाँचें और रक्तचाप
4. Dहर घंटे आंत्र ध्वनियाँ और पेट की परिधि

After pressing the plunger of an insulin pen, what should the patient do?

1. ALeave the needle on the pen for the next injection
2. BInject a second dose straight away to be sure
3. CPull the needle out at once and rub the site firmly
4. DKeep the needle in the skin for about 10 seconds

A patient with Graves' eye disease has gritty eyes and swelling around them in the morning. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AStay in bright sunlight to dry the eyes
2. BUse lubricating drops and sleep with the head raised
3. CRub the eyes firmly each morning to reduce the swelling
4. DSmoking more will not affect the eyes

एक मरीज़ का दीर्घकालिक हाइपोनैट्रीमिया 24 घंटे में 115 से 132 mmol/L तक सुधारा गया। दो दिन बाद उसे अस्पष्ट वाणी, निगलने में कठिनाई और अंगों की कमज़ोरी होती है। सबसे संभावित कारण क्या है?

1. Aसोडियम से असंबंधित नया स्ट्रोक
2. Bहाइपोनैट्रीमिया से सामान्य स्वास्थ्य लाभ
3. Cकम सेवन से हाइपोग्लाइसीमिया
4. Dऑस्मोटिक डीमायलिनेशन सिंड्रोम

A patient with Parkinson's disease becomes agitated and confused at night. Which newly prescribed drug should the nurse question?

1. ALactulose
2. BHaloperidol
3. CParacetamol (acetaminophen)
4. DMelatonin