उत्तरों सहित औषध विज्ञान वर्कशीट

Which side effect is common with magnesium-containing antacids?

1. AConstipation
2. BDiarrhoea
3. CDry cough
4. DDrowsiness

Which signs are typical of hypoglycaemia?

1. AA slow pulse, constipation and weight gain
2. BSweating, shakiness, a fast heart rate and confusion
3. CThirst, frequent urination and warm, dry, flushed skin
4. DFruity breath with deep, rapid breathing

Which intramuscular site is generally preferred for adults because it is far from major nerves and vessels?

1. AVentrogluteal
2. BForearm
3. CDeltoid for large volumes
4. DDorsogluteal

Why are many drugs started at lower doses in older adults?

1. AKidney and liver clearance often decline, and sensitivity to drugs increases
2. BLower doses are cheaper for older patients
3. COlder adults absorb no drugs from the stomach
4. DOlder adults always weigh more than younger adults, so drugs last longer

ग्लिक्लाज़ाइड जैसे सल्फ़ोनिलयूरिया का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण प्रतिकूल प्रभाव क्या है?

1. Aहाइपोग्लाइसीमिया
2. Bसूखी खाँसी
3. Cहाइपरकैलीमिया
4. Dलैक्टिक एसिडोसिस

Before starting a TNF-alpha inhibitor such as adalimumab, which test is required?

1. AScreening for latent tuberculosis
2. BAn echocardiogram in every patient
3. CA bone density scan
4. DA glucose tolerance test

Why is vincristine labelled "for intravenous use only – fatal if given by other routes"?

1. ASubcutaneous injection makes the drug inactive
2. BIntramuscular injection causes severe and prolonged hypoglycaemia
3. CAccidental intrathecal injection causes fatal ascending neurotoxicity
4. DOral vincristine causes immediate anaphylaxis

A patient receiving a phenylephrine infusion has a rise in blood pressure and a fall in heart rate. What is the best explanation?

1. AThe fall in heart rate shows phenylephrine toxicity of the AV node
2. BPhenylephrine stimulates muscarinic receptors
3. CAlpha-1 vasoconstriction raises blood pressure and causes reflex bradycardia
4. DPhenylephrine directly blocks beta-1 receptors in the heart's conduction system