उत्तरों सहित औषध विज्ञान वर्कशीट

कौन-सा मार्ग यकृत के फ़र्स्ट-पास मेटाबॉलिज़्म से बचाता है?

1. Aमुँह से गोली
2. Bमुँह से घोल
3. Cमलाशय में ऊपर रखी सपोज़िटरी
4. Dअंतःशिरा (इंट्रावीनस)

Clomifene is used mainly to:

1. ATreat menopausal hot flushes and night sweats
2. BStop postpartum bleeding
3. CInduce ovulation in women with infertility
4. DPrevent pregnancy

Which drug is first-line for symptomatic bradycardia in adults?

1. AAtropine
2. BMetoprolol
3. CDigoxin
4. DAdenosine

How should a patient store sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) tablets?

1. ALoose in a shirt pocket close to the body for quick access
2. BIn the fridge in a damp, open container to keep them fresh and cool
3. CIn a plastic weekly pill box with other tablets
4. DIn the original dark glass bottle, away from heat, light and moisture

ग्लिसरिल ट्राइनाइट्रेट (GTN) एनजाइना से राहत कैसे देता है?

1. Aयह नाइट्रिक ऑक्साइड मुक्त करता है, जो मुख्य रूप से शिराओं को फैलाकर हृदय का कार्यभार घटाता है
2. Bयह बीटा-1 रिसेप्टरों को रोककर हृदय को धीमा करता है
3. Cयह कोरोनरी धमनी में थक्के को घोलता है
4. Dयह संकुचन बल बढ़ाता है ताकि हृदय रक्त को अधिक कुशलता से पंप करे

A malnourished patient with alcohol dependence needs IV glucose. Which vitamin should be given before or with it?

1. AVitamin D
2. BVitamin C
3. CVitamin K (phytomenadione)
4. DThiamine (vitamin B1)

A patient who used heroin a few hours ago is given a first dose of buprenorphine and quickly develops severe withdrawal. Why?

1. ABuprenorphine is a high-affinity partial agonist that displaces heroin
2. BBuprenorphine has no effect at opioid receptors
3. CBuprenorphine is a pure antagonist like naloxone with no agonist effect
4. DBuprenorphine causes an allergic reaction in heroin users

A patient with heart failure starts taking naproxen regularly for back pain. Why is this a concern?

1. ANSAIDs block the absorption of furosemide completely
2. BNSAIDs increase heart contractility too much
3. CNSAIDs cause salt and water retention and can worsen heart failure
4. DNSAIDs lower potassium, which makes digoxin and diuretics fail