Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.
2Soal latihan
1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang
Which question is the best way to ask a patient about suicidal thoughts?
A"Are you having thoughts of killing yourself?"
B"You're not thinking of doing anything silly, are you?"
C"You wouldn't hurt yourself, would you?"
D"Things aren't that bad, are they?"
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit
The daughter of a man with moderate dementia says she is exhausted, is not sleeping and feels guilty for getting angry with him. What is the most helpful nursing response?
AAcknowledge her strain and discuss support such as respite care and carers' groups
BTell her that good daughters do not get angry with their parents
CSuggest that she stops visiting him for a few months so that she can rest and forget about her guilt
DAdvise her to take on more responsibility for his care so that she feels less guilty
3.Psikologi klinisSedang
Mekanisme pertahanan mana yang ditunjukkan oleh seseorang yang marah kepada atasannya tetapi membentak pasangannya di rumah?
ASublimasi
BPembentukan reaksi (reaction formation)
CProyeksi
DDisplacement (pengalihan)
4.Psikologi klinisSulit
Ketidakberdayaan yang dipelajari (Seligman) diusulkan sebagai model untuk:
AGangguan spektrum autisme
BDepresi
CSkizofrenia
DFobia spesifik
5.FarmakologiSedang
1000 mL of IV fluid is to be given over 8 hours with a pump. What rate should be set?
A125 mL/h
B250 mL/h
C80 mL/h
D100 mL/h
6.FarmakologiSulit
A nurse calculates a child's dose and finds it is ten times higher than the usual range in the drug reference. What should the nurse do?
AGive the dose, because the prescriber is responsible for the order
BWithhold it, recheck the calculation and clarify with the prescriber
CGive one tenth of the dose without telling anyone
DGive half the dose as a compromise
3Larutan
1.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: A · "Are you having thoughts of killing yourself?"
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Asking directly and calmly shows that it is safe to talk. Questions that suggest the "right" answer, or that minimise the problem, make it harder for the patient to be honest.
Jawaban
A · "Are you having thoughts of killing yourself?"
2.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: A · Acknowledge her strain and discuss support such as respite care and carers' groups
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Caregiver strain is common and can affect both the carer and the patient. Recognising it, and offering respite, practical support and carers' groups, helps the carer continue safely.
Jawaban
A · Acknowledge her strain and discuss support such as respite care and carers' groups
3.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: D · Displacement (pengalihan)
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Displacement memindahkan dorongan dari sasaran yang mengancam ke sasaran yang kurang mengancam. Proyeksi melekatkan perasaan diri yang tidak dapat diterima kepada orang lain.
Jawaban
D · Displacement (pengalihan)
4.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: B · Depresi
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Setelah peristiwa tidak menyenangkan yang tidak dapat dikendalikan, hewan dan manusia dapat berhenti mencoba bahkan ketika melarikan diri menjadi mungkin, mirip dengan pasivitas dan keputusasaan pada depresi.
Jawaban
B · Depresi
5.Farmakologi
Jawaban: A · 125 mL/h
Mengapa ini jawabannya
1000 mL ÷ 8 h = 125 mL/h. Infusion pumps are set in mL per hour.
Jawaban
A · 125 mL/h
6.Farmakologi
Jawaban: B · Withhold it, recheck the calculation and clarify with the prescriber
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Doses outside the safe range must be questioned before administration. The nurse holds the dose, rechecks the weight and calculation and contacts the prescriber or pharmacist.
Jawaban
B · Withhold it, recheck the calculation and clarify with the prescriber