Hormati hak pasien: pilihan yang paling tidak membatasi, persetujuan, dan kerahasiaan beserta batasnya.
2Soal latihan
1.Keperawatan jiwaSedang
Which group of signs suggests drug-induced pseudoparkinsonism in a patient taking haloperidol?
ARestless pacing and an inability to sit still
BShuffling gait, mask-like face, rigidity and a resting tremor
CLip smacking, tongue thrusting and grimacing after years of treatment
DSudden muscle spasm of the neck with the eyes rolled upwards
2.Keperawatan jiwaSulit
A nurse suspects that a patient is hiding his tablets in his cheek and later spitting them out. What is the best approach?
AAccuse him in front of other patients so that he is embarrassed and stops
BStop giving him his medicine at all, because he is not taking it anyway, and record that he refused
CCrush all his tablets into his food without telling him
DCheck his mouth after each dose, as policy allows, and explore why he does not want it
3.Psikologi klinisSedang
Aktivasi perilaku (behavioural activation) mengobati depresi terutama dengan:
AMenjelajahi konflik masa kanak-kanak secara mendetail
BMeresepkan masa istirahat total
CMemaparkan orang pada sensasi tubuh yang ditakuti secara bertahap
DMeningkatkan keterlibatan dalam aktivitas yang memberi imbalan dan bernilai
4.Psikologi klinisSulit
Komorbiditas berarti:
ASuatu gangguan menurun dalam keluarga
BSeseorang memenuhi kriteria dua gangguan atau lebih pada saat yang sama
CSuatu gejala dimiliki semua orang dalam kelompok
DSuatu gangguan disebabkan oleh penyakit fisik yang terjadi pada waktu yang sama
5.FarmakologiSedang
Which rule applies to intravenous potassium chloride?
AIt is given as a rapid IV push to correct low levels quickly
BIt must be diluted and given as an infusion, never as an IV push
CIt is mixed into blood products to save time
DIt may be given intramuscularly if there is no IV access
6.FarmakologiSulit
Which heart failure drug improves symptoms and reduces hospital admissions but has not been shown to reduce mortality?
ADigoxin
BA beta blocker such as bisoprolol
CAn ACE inhibitor
DA mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist such as spironolactone
3Larutan
1.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: B · Shuffling gait, mask-like face, rigidity and a resting tremor
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Blocking dopamine in the nigrostriatal pathway can cause parkinsonian signs: bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor and a shuffling gait. The other options describe akathisia, acute dystonia and tardive dyskinesia.
Jawaban
B · Shuffling gait, mask-like face, rigidity and a resting tremor
2.Keperawatan jiwa
Jawaban: D · Check his mouth after each dose, as policy allows, and explore why he does not want it
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Mouth checks or liquid forms, as permitted, can confirm that medicine is taken. Understanding the reasons, such as side effects or beliefs about the drug, helps the team address the problem with the patient.
Jawaban
D · Check his mouth after each dose, as policy allows, and explore why he does not want it
3.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: D · Meningkatkan keterlibatan dalam aktivitas yang memberi imbalan dan bernilai
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Aktivasi perilaku menjadwalkan aktivitas yang memberi kesenangan atau rasa mampu, sehingga memutus siklus penarikan diri dan penguatan yang rendah. Ini adalah penanganan depresi berbasis bukti.
Jawaban
D · Meningkatkan keterlibatan dalam aktivitas yang memberi imbalan dan bernilai
4.Psikologi klinis
Jawaban: B · Seseorang memenuhi kriteria dua gangguan atau lebih pada saat yang sama
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Komorbiditas adalah munculnya beberapa gangguan pada orang yang sama; hal ini mempersulit diagnosis dan pengobatan serta menimbulkan pertanyaan tentang klasifikasi kategoris.
Jawaban
B · Seseorang memenuhi kriteria dua gangguan atau lebih pada saat yang sama
5.Farmakologi
Jawaban: B · It must be diluted and given as an infusion, never as an IV push
Mengapa ini jawabannya
Concentrated potassium given as a bolus can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias. It is always diluted and given at a controlled rate, usually with an infusion pump.
Jawaban
B · It must be diluted and given as an infusion, never as an IV push
6.Farmakologi
Jawaban: A · Digoxin
Mengapa ini jawabannya
ACE inhibitors (or ARBs/ARNI), beta blockers, mineralocorticoid antagonists and SGLT2 inhibitors reduce mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Digoxin improves symptoms and reduces admissions without reducing mortality.