Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

How is pitting oedema checked?

1. APress over a bony area such as the shin for a few seconds and look for a dent
2. BMeasure the width of both calves with a tape measure once a week and compare them
3. CPress on the nail bed and time the return of colour
4. DPinch the skin on the back of the hand and see how fast it falls back

A nurse develops vomiting and diarrhoea during a norovirus outbreak. When can they usually return to work (UK guidance)?

1. AThe next shift, if they feel well enough
2. BAs soon as the vomiting stops
3. C48 hours after the symptoms have stopped
4. DAfter a full week, whatever the symptoms

A family member tells the nurse, “My father is not himself. Something is wrong.” The hospital has a family-activated rapid response system. What is correct?

1. AThe family must wait for the next scheduled ward round to raise the concern with a doctor
2. BOnly doctors may call the rapid response team
3. CThe family can call the rapid response team if they are worried and staff have not responded
4. DThe family should call emergency services from outside the hospital

A patient weighs 180 kg and needs to be moved from bed to chair. The standard ceiling lift on the unit has a lower weight limit. What should the nurse do?

1. AHave two staff lift the patient by hand
2. BUse the standard lift, because limits include a safety margin
3. CUse bariatric-rated equipment and enough trained staff
4. DAsk the patient to stand and pivot without help

Seorang asisten keperawatan melaporkan empat pasien. Laporan mana yang perlu diperhatikan perawat lebih dulu?

1. APasien meminta bantal tambahan
2. BPasien PPOK memiliki SpO₂ 90% saat istirahat, sesuai dengan nilai biasanya
3. CPasien mengeluarkan 300 mL urine dalam 6 jam terakhir
4. DPasien satu hari setelah operasi abdomen tiba-tiba gelisah dan denyut jantungnya 124/menit

A patient with untreated hyperthyroidism has surgery and develops a temperature of 40 °C, a heart rate of 160/min and severe agitation. What is most likely happening?

1. AA normal reaction to pain
2. BOpioid withdrawal
3. CMyxedema coma
4. DThyroid storm

What should the nurse regularly check for a patient with a syringe driver?

1. AOnly that the battery is charged and the device is switched on
2. BNothing, once the syringe driver is running
3. CThe infusion site, the rate and volume remaining, and the patient's symptoms
4. DOnly the patient's weight, measured once a week on the same scales

A nurse teaches a patient with reflux disease. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will try to lose some weight over the next months."
2. B"I will raise the head of my bed with blocks."
3. C"I will cut down on alcohol."
4. D"A big meal just before bed is fine if I take my tablet."

A patient with type 1 diabetes has the flu, is eating little and has a glucose of 290 mg/dL (16,1 mmol/L). Which advice is correct?

1. AKeep taking insulin and check blood or urine ketones
2. BStop all insulin until you are eating normally again
3. CDrink only water and avoid all carbohydrate foods
4. DWait 3 days before checking the glucose again

The nurse teaches a patient with thrombocytopenia (platelets 25 × 10³/µL) about home safety. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll take aspirin if I get a headache"
2. B"I'll use an electric razor to shave"
3. C"I'll use a soft-bristled toothbrush"
4. D"I'll blow my nose gently, not forcefully"

A woman taking tamoxifen should report which symptom promptly?

1. AMild tiredness in the afternoon
2. BUnusual vaginal bleeding or a painful swollen leg
3. CSlightly dry skin
4. DMild hot flushes, especially at night, in the first months

Seorang perempuan lansia yang mulai mengonsumsi SSRI dua minggu lalu kini bingung, dan natrium plasmanya rendah. Apa mekanisme yang paling mungkin?

1. AKerusakan langsung pada kelenjar adrenal
2. BKehilangan natrium melalui diare berat akibat SSRI
3. CPeningkatan sekresi aldosteron
4. DSekresi ADH yang tidak sesuai akibat SSRI yang menyebabkan retensi air

A patient choosing between a mechanical and a biological heart valve asks about the main difference. Which answer is accurate?

1. ABoth types need no medicines after surgery
2. BMechanical valves last longer but need lifelong anticoagulation
3. CMechanical valves wear out within one year
4. DBiological valves last longer but need lifelong warfarin

Seorang pasien eksaserbasi akut PPOK yang meretensi CO₂ diresepkan bronkodilator nebulisasi. Bagaimana nebulizer biasanya digerakkan?

1. ADengan oksigen 15 L/menit selama mungkin
2. BDengan oksigen 6–8 L/menit tanpa pemantauan saturasi
3. CDengan udara terkompresi, ditambah oksigen terkontrol melalui kanula hidung
4. DTanpa aliran gas, dengan meminta pasien bernapas dalam

A patient with advanced CKD asks how to manage indigestion. Which option should they avoid?

1. AEating smaller, more frequent meals
2. BMagnesium-containing antacids
3. CRaising the head of the bed at night
4. DAvoiding large meals late in the evening

A patient had a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. Afterwards their left arm is weak, and the weakness improves over the next few hours. What is the best interpretation?

1. ANormal postictal tiredness that needs no further assessment or imaging at all
2. BA sign that the patient is pretending to be weak
3. CCertainly a stroke, so the seizure can be ignored
4. DPossible postictal (Todd's) paresis, but a stroke must still be excluded

When breaking bad news, what is the first step in frameworks such as SPIKES?

1. AGive all treatment options before checking understanding
2. BSet up a private setting with enough time
3. CGive the diagnosis as quickly as possible in the corridor
4. DAsk the family to decide what the patient should be told

A patient with a permanent pacemaker is booked for surgery using monopolar diathermy. Why must the team know?

1. APacemakers stop all bleeding during surgery
2. BThe pacemaker will always be removed during surgery
3. CThe patient cannot have any anaesthetic at all
4. DDiathermy can interfere with the pacemaker's function

Kapan pemeriksaan nuchal translucency untuk skrining trimester pertama biasanya dilakukan?

1. APada sekitar usia kehamilan 11 sampai 14 minggu
2. BPada sekitar usia kehamilan 6 sampai 8 minggu
3. CPada sekitar usia kehamilan 18 sampai 22 minggu
4. DPada sekitar usia kehamilan 28 sampai 32 minggu

A newborn's heart rate is 80/min after 30 seconds of positive-pressure ventilation and the chest is not moving. What should the nurse do next?

1. AStop ventilation and give oxygen by mask only
2. BGive IV adrenaline straight away
3. CCorrect the ventilation, starting with mask and airway
4. DStart chest compressions immediately at a 3:1 ratio

A baby with developmental dysplasia of the hip has a Pavlik harness. Which teaching is correct?

1. ATake it off every night so the baby can sleep more comfortably and move freely
2. BKeep it on as instructed, do not adjust the straps and check the skin daily
3. CTighten the straps each week as the baby grows
4. DApply powder and lotion under the straps to protect the skin

The nurse has taught the family of a 7-year-old with coeliac disease. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"Plain rice and potatoes are fine for him."
2. B"We will use a separate toaster for his gluten-free bread."
3. C"We will check food labels for wheat, barley and rye."
4. D"He can eat normal bread at weekends if he's strict in the week."

Prinsip mana yang berlaku untuk penggunaan restrain fisik?

1. ADapat digunakan sebagai hukuman karena melanggar aturan
2. BPilihan terakhir ketika tindakan yang kurang membatasi gagal, dengan pemantauan ketat dan dilepas segera setelah aman
3. CDapat digunakan demi kenyamanan staf pada giliran jaga yang sibuk, asalkan didokumentasikan dan ditinjau oleh tim sesudahnya
4. DTidak perlu didokumentasikan

Pada hari ketiga pemberian makan kembali, seorang pasien anoreksia nervosa berat mengalami pergelangan kaki bengkak, fosfat rendah, dan nadi tidak teratur. Apa yang paling mungkin?

1. AKenaikan berat badan normal
2. BSindrom pemberian makan kembali (refeeding syndrome)
3. CSindrom serotonin
4. DReaksi alergi terhadap makanan

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien memiliki tinggi 6 ft 3 in. Dengan 1 ft = 12 in dan 1 in = 2,54 cm, cari tinggi h dalam sentimeter, ke sentimeter bulat terdekat.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Selama satu shift seorang pasien mengonsumsi 3 tsp dari sirup batuk, 1½ tbsp dari suplemen cair, 3 fl oz dari jus, 1½ cangkir dari teh. Dengan ekuivalen yang diberikan, cari total asupan oral V dalam mL.

Seorang pasien berbobot 80 kg. Dosis yang diresepkan 20 mg/kg per hari, diberikan dalam 4 dosis yang sama. Berapa miligram D yang diberikan per dosis?

Sebuah infus berisi 40000 unit obat dalam 250 mL. Resepnya 1500 unit per jam. Pada laju berapa R Anda mengatur pompa, dalam mL/h?

Infuskan 1500 mL selama 10 jam dengan set 15 tts/mL. Tentukan laju tetesan R dalam tetes per menit. Bulatkan ke bilangan bulat terdekat.

Sebuah kantong berisi 200 mg obat dalam 500 mL dan mengalir dengan laju 20 mL/h. Berapa miligram per jam D yang diterima pasien?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 8 jam. Berat badan pasien 105 kg. Cari rata-rata haluaran urine U dalam mL/kg/jam. Bulatkan ke dua angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah infus 500 mL dimulai pada pukul 11:00 dengan laju 125 mL/h. Setelah 2 jam lajunya diubah menjadi 100 mL/h dan tidak diubah lagi. Berapa jam t setelah dimulai kantong akan kosong? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Gunakan bagan NEWS2 (SpO₂ skala 1) untuk observasi berikut: frekuensi napas 32/menit, SpO₂ 91% dengan oksigen tambahan, tekanan darah 84/50 mmHg, nadi 70/menit, sadar penuh, suhu 37,7 °C. Berapa total skor NEWS2?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Pada menit ke-1 setelah lahir, seorang bayi baru lahir latihan memiliki kulit biru atau pucat di seluruh tubuh, tidak ada denyut jantung, tidak ada respons terhadap rangsang, anggota gerak lunglai tanpa tonus otot, dan tidak bernapas. Hitung skor APGAR dan klik bagaimana skor itu diinterpretasikan.

1. 1menenangkan
2. 2abnormal sedang
3. 3rendah