Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

Why should insulin injection sites be rotated?

1. ATo prevent lumpy fatty swelling that affects absorption
2. BTo make the insulin work more quickly with each injection
3. CBecause each site can only be used once
4. DTo stop the patient getting used to the needle

Berdasarkan Mental Capacity Act 2005 (Inggris dan Wales), manakah yang merupakan bagian dari uji apakah seseorang dapat membuat keputusan?

1. AApakah ia dapat memahami, mengingat, dan menimbang informasi serta mengomunikasikan keputusan
2. BApakah keputusan yang dibuatnya sesuai dengan saran dokter dan tim perawatan
3. CApakah ia berusia di atas 65 tahun
4. DApakah ia memiliki diagnosis demensia

How does a nurse add a sterile gauze pack to a sterile field that is already set up?

1. APlace the whole wrapped pack on the field and open it there with sterile gloves
2. BTip the item onto the field and push it into place with the wrapper
3. COpen the wrapper away from the field and drop the item on it without reaching over
4. DReach across the field with clean gloves to place the item

A patient is on contact precautions. Which task is appropriate for the nurse to delegate to assistive personnel?

1. ADeciding when the precautions can be stopped
2. BTeaching the family how to follow the precautions
3. CAssessing the wound for new signs of infection during the bath
4. DHelping the patient bathe while wearing a gown and gloves

A woman calls to say her husband suddenly has a drooping face and slurred speech. What should the nurse advise?

1. ADrive him to the hospital yourself after he has eaten dinner
2. BLet him lie down and see if it improves
3. CCall emergency services now and note the time it started
4. DBook an appointment with his doctor next week

A nurse must care for a patient with a radioactive implant. Which approach best limits the nurse’s exposure?

1. AStand close to the patient to finish care faster
2. BSpend longer in the room each time but visit less often during the shift
3. CLimit time in the room, keep as far away as possible and use shielding
4. DWear a surgical mask to block the radiation

Which group of features is typical of nephrotic syndrome?

1. APolyuria, thirst and weight loss
2. BBlood in the urine, high blood pressure and reduced urine output only
3. CHeavy proteinuria, low serum albumin and oedema
4. DSevere loin pain and fever

Seorang pasien telah mengalami diare selama tiga hari dan dirawat di bangsal penyakit dalam. Apa tindakan pengendalian infeksi yang paling tepat?

1. AHanya menggunakan gel alkohol dan menghindari sarung tangan untuk menghemat sumber daya
2. BSegera isolasi, gunakan kewaspadaan kontak, dan kirim sampel tinja
3. CMemindahkan pasien ke ruang bersama agar kamar tunggal tetap tersedia
4. DMenunggu sampai diare berlangsung seminggu sebelum mengambil tindakan apa pun

In countries that screen all pregnant women (such as the US), a vaginal-rectal swab is taken at about 36–37 weeks. Which organism is it screening for?

1. AHepatitis B virus
2. BCandida albicans
3. CStaphylococcus aureus
4. DGroup B Streptococcus

Which patient should the nurse assess first?

1. AHeart failure with a BNP lower than the result on admission
2. BStable angina with a total cholesterol of 245 mg/dL (6,3 mmol/L)
3. CHypertension with a potassium of 3,6 mEq/L on a thiazide
4. DChest pain with troponin rising from the first to the second sample

Which blood test is used to monitor warfarin therapy?

1. APlatelet count
2. BActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
3. CINR (prothrombin time)
4. DSerum albumin

Why is vancomycin given by mouth, not intravenously, for Clostridioides difficile infection?

1. AOral vancomycin is absorbed into the blood better than IV vancomycin
2. BOral vancomycin is not absorbed, so it reaches high levels in the colon
3. CIntravenous vancomycin causes C. difficile infection
4. DThe oral form is cheaper but has the same effect as IV

Which skin changes around the ankles are typical of chronic venous insufficiency?

1. AA sharply defined red patch with fever
2. BBrown staining, swelling and dry, itchy skin
3. CA cold, white foot with no pulse
4. DPale, shiny, hairless skin with weak pulses

A patient regains a pulse after a ventricular fibrillation arrest that was probably caused by a heart attack. Which investigation is most urgent?

1. AA lumbar puncture
2. BAn abdominal ultrasound
3. CA 12-lead ECG
4. DSpirometry

A patient's potassium stays low despite replacement. Which other level should be checked?

1. AAmylase
2. BFerritin
3. CMagnesium
4. DBilirubin

Two days after surgery, an 80-year-old woman is quiet, sleepy, slow to answer and eating little. Her daughter says she is "not herself". What should the nurse suspect?

1. AThe start of Alzheimer's disease
2. BHypoactive delirium
3. CNormal tiredness after an operation
4. DSimple low mood about being in hospital

Which statement about pain relief in acute pancreatitis is correct?

1. AOnly paracetamol may be given
2. BOpioids must never be used in pancreatitis
3. COpioids can be used, and good analgesia is a priority
4. DPain relief should be withheld until the diagnosis is certain

At the end of an operation, the final count shows one swab missing. What should happen?

1. ARecord the count as correct to avoid a delay
2. BLet the patient leave and search the theatre later
3. CClose the wound, as the swab was probably thrown away
4. DTell the surgeon, search, and X-ray if it is not found

Which factors help start the newborn's first breath?

1. AChemical, thermal, mechanical and sensory cues
2. BOnly the pressure from the obstetrician's hand
3. COnly the baby's first cry from hunger
4. DOnly the cutting of the umbilical cord

A woman with gestational diabetes on insulin asks about her baby after birth. Which statement by the nurse is accurate?

1. AThe baby will need insulin for the first days
2. BThe baby's glucose will be checked for hypoglycaemia
3. CThe baby must not be breastfed in the first week
4. DThe baby will be born with diabetes

Temuan kurva pertumbuhan mana pada bayi berusia 10 bulan yang paling memerlukan evaluasi lebih lanjut?

1. ALingkar kepala yang mengikuti kurva persentil ke-75
2. BPanjang badan pada persentil ke-50 dan berat badan pada persentil ke-40
3. CBerat badan yang turun melewati dua garis persentil utama sejak kunjungan terakhir
4. DBerat badan yang tetap pada persentil ke-10 sejak lahir

Seorang anak dengan sindrom nefrotik mendapat kortikosteroid dosis tinggi. Instruksi mana yang paling penting bagi keluarga?

1. AMenghentikan steroid mendadak ketika edema hilang
2. BMenganjurkan diet tinggi garam
3. CMemberikan vaksin hidup selama pengobatan
4. DSegera melaporkan demam atau tanda infeksi

Which communication approach is best with a patient who has paranoid personality disorder?

1. AAvoid explaining anything so that the patient does not become suspicious
2. BBe clear, honest and business-like, and explain the reasons for actions
3. CTalk about the patient with colleagues in whispers within his sight
4. DBe very warm and joke often to put the patient at ease

Seorang pasien ketergantungan alkohol yang malnutrisi memerlukan infus glukosa IV. Instruksi mana yang pertama kali harus diharapkan perawat?

1. ADiuretik
2. BGlukosa dahulu, tiamin seminggu kemudian
3. CGlukosa tanpa penggantian vitamin
4. DTiamin sebelum atau bersama glukosa

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Suhu seorang pasien adalah 100,6 °F. Konversikan ke derajat Celsius T dengan °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9. Bulatkan ke satu tempat desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah resep tertulis ½ tsp suspensi oral setiap 6 jam selama 5 hari. Dengan 1 tsp = 5 mL, berapa mL V yang dibutuhkan untuk seluruh pengobatan?

Seorang anak dengan berat 24 kg diresepkan 3 mg/kg suatu obat. Larutan stok mengandung 40 mg/mL. Tarik dosisnya: berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Anda harus menyiapkan 200 mL larutan 2% (b/v) dari larutan stok 10% (b/v). Berapa air W yang harus ditambahkan ke stok?

Infuskan 1000 mL selama 8 jam dengan set 20 tts/mL. Tentukan laju tetesan R dalam tetes per menit. Bulatkan ke bilangan bulat terdekat.

Infus menetes dengan laju 20 tts/menit melalui set 60 tts/mL. Tersisa 200 mL di kantong. Berapa jam t lagi hingga kosong?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 8 jam. Berat badan pasien 82 kg. Cari rata-rata haluaran urine U dalam mL/kg/jam. Bulatkan ke dua angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah kantong 500 mL dijalankan dengan pompa pada 125 mL/h. Pada pukul 14:30, 200 mL sudah diinfuskan. Berapa jam t lagi sampai kantong kosong? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala jatuh Morse: riwayat jatuh dalam 3 bulan terakhir: tidak; diagnosis sekunder: ya; alat bantu jalan: kruk, tongkat, atau walker; terapi IV atau saline lock: ya; cara berjalan: terganggu; status mental: melebih-lebihkan atau melupakan batas kemampuannya. Cari total Morse MFS.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Gunakan bagan NEWS2 (SpO₂ skala 1) untuk observasi berikut: frekuensi napas 12/menit, SpO₂ 99% dengan udara ruangan, tekanan darah 142/86 mmHg, nadi 82/menit, sadar penuh, suhu 37,3 °C. Pasien termasuk kelompok risiko klinis yang mana? Klik kelompok itu.

1. 1rendah
2. 2rendah–sedang
3. 3sedang
4. 4tinggi