Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

According to Erikson, what is the main developmental task of older adulthood?

1. AIdentity versus role confusion
2. BTrust versus mistrust
3. CIntegrity versus despair
4. DIndustry versus inferiority

On the morning of surgery, a patient who signed the consent form says they do not understand what the operation involves. What should the nurse do?

1. ASend the patient to theatre, as the form is already signed
2. BInform the surgeon so consent can be discussed again before surgery
3. CReassure the patient that signing the form is enough for consent to be valid
4. DExplain the operation's risks themselves and go ahead

Which PPE does a nurse wear when giving an IV chemotherapy drug?

1. AOne pair of standard latex gloves, changed after the infusion is started
2. BA reusable cloth gown and one pair of gloves
3. CTwo pairs of chemotherapy-tested gloves and a disposable impermeable gown
4. DA surgical mask and no gloves

A nurse floated to an unfamiliar unit is asked to manage a device they have never been trained to use. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell the charge nurse and ask for help or a change of assignment
2. BAsk the patient or the family to explain how the device works
3. CLeave the device untouched and not tell anyone
4. DDo it anyway, using only the device manual and the instructions on the screen

Seorang perawat mendelegasikan tanda-tanda vital rutin kepada asisten keperawatan untuk pasien yang tekanan darahnya terus turun selama satu jam terakhir. Hak pendelegasian mana yang tidak terpenuhi?

1. AOrang yang benar
2. BKeadaan yang benar
3. CArahan dan komunikasi yang benar
4. DTugas yang benar, karena tanda-tanda vital tidak pernah dapat didelegasikan

A nursing assistant has twice not reported abnormal vital signs to the RN. What is the RN’s best action?

1. AStop delegating any tasks to the assistant for the rest of the year
2. BComplain about the assistant to the patients during care
3. CTalk to the assistant privately, restate what must be reported and follow up closely
4. DSay nothing to the assistant and quietly recheck all of the assistant’s vital signs in secret

Gangguan elektrolit mana yang paling berbahaya bagi irama jantung?

1. AKalium tinggi atau rendah
2. BFosfat rendah
3. CNatrium rendah
4. DKlorida tinggi

A few hours after cardiac surgery, a patient has low blood pressure, a raised jugular venous pressure and quiet, muffled heart sounds. What should be suspected?

1. ACardiac tamponade
2. BHyperkalaemia
3. CHypovolaemia from dehydration
4. DPneumonia

How should a patient collect a clean-catch midstream urine sample?

1. AFill the cup completely, then add tap water if there is not enough
2. BCollect the very first urine of the stream directly in the sterile cup
3. CCollect urine from the toilet bowl after voiding into the toilet
4. DClean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part

A patient with a heart murmur and fever has three sets of blood cultures, taken hours apart, all growing the same Streptococcus species. What does this suggest?

1. AContamination of all three samples during collection
2. BPersistent bacteremia, as in infective endocarditis
3. CA normal finding in patients with heart murmurs
4. DA urinary tract infection that has spread to the skin

A patient takes cholestyramine. How should other oral medicines be timed?

1. ATake them all at the same time as cholestyramine
2. BTiming does not matter, as cholestyramine is not absorbed
3. CMix them into the cholestyramine drink so they are taken together
4. DTake them 1 hour before or several hours after cholestyramine

Sifat apa yang membuat obat lebih mungkin menembus sawar darah-otak?

1. AMuatan positif pada pH fisiologis
2. BKelarutan lemak tinggi dan ukuran kecil
3. CBerat molekul besar dan ikatan protein kuat
4. DKelarutan air tinggi dan ionisasi kuat

A patient with stable angina is afraid nicotine patches will harm their heart. Which reply is most accurate?

1. APeople with angina must stop smoking without any help
2. BNicotine replacement only works if smoking continues
3. CNicotine patches are much more harmful to the heart than cigarettes
4. DNicotine replacement is much safer than smoking and is recommended

An older ex-smoker has a dry cough and worsening breathlessness over a year, finger clubbing and fine "Velcro-like" crackles at both bases at the end of inspiration. Which condition is most likely?

1. ACommunity-acquired pneumonia
2. BAn acute asthma attack
3. CIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
4. DSpontaneous pneumothorax

Seorang pasien dengan insufisiensi adrenal primer mengalami demam. Apa nasihat hari sakit yang biasa untuk penggantian steroid?

1. AMeningkatkan dosis glukokortikoid, sering menggandakannya
2. BMenghentikan steroid sampai demam mereda
3. CMempertahankan dosis biasa dan menghindari minum cairan tambahan untuk saat ini
4. DMengurangi dosis setengahnya untuk mengurangi efek samping

A nurse teaches a carer to give buccal midazolam for prolonged seizures. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will call an ambulance if the care plan tells me to."
2. B"I will write down the time the seizure started and the time I gave the dose."
3. C"I will put something between his teeth so he does not bite his tongue."
4. D"I will give it into the space between his gum and cheek."

A patient takes co-codamol at home (a combination tablet sold under different names in different countries). Why should the nurse check this before giving regular paracetamol (acetaminophen)?

1. ACo-codamol stops paracetamol from working
2. BCo-codamol must be stopped a week before any paracetamol
3. CIt already contains paracetamol, so overdose could occur
4. DParacetamol and codeine cause a severe allergic reaction when combined

An older patient with atrial fibrillation has sudden severe abdominal pain, but the abdomen is soft with little tenderness. Lactate is raised. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ASimple constipation
2. BAcute mesenteric ischaemia
3. CIrritable bowel syndrome
4. DMuscle strain from coughing

Which finding on day 4 after a caesarean suggests a wound infection?

1. AA closed incision with intact edges
2. BMild numbness of the skin near the scar
3. CRedness, warmth and discharge
4. DMild tenderness without redness

A woman has cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in pregnancy. Which outcome in the baby is a major concern?

1. APhenylketonuria
2. BHearing loss and developmental delay
3. COpen neural tube defects such as spina bifida
4. DClubfoot only

In a large ventricular septal defect, in which direction does blood mainly flow through the defect?

1. AFrom right to left, causing cyanosis from birth
2. BThere is no flow at all, because the pressures in both ventricles are always equal
3. CFrom left to right, increasing blood flow to the lungs
4. DFrom the aorta into the pulmonary veins

An infant with a large VSD now breathes faster, sweats during feeds and has gained 300 g overnight with puffy eyelids. What does this most likely indicate?

1. AGood growth thanks to improved feeding
2. BAn allergic reaction to the new high-energy formula started yesterday
3. CDehydration due to sweating during feeds
4. DWorsening heart failure with fluid retention

What does the Mini-Cog screening test for cognitive impairment involve?

1. AA 30-minute brain scan
2. BA questionnaire about mood over the past 2 weeks
3. CRecall of three words and a clock-drawing task
4. DMeasuring the level of alcohol in the blood

A woman who takes lithium for bipolar disorder tells the nurse she would like to become pregnant. What is the best response?

1. A"Lithium is completely safe in pregnancy, so there is no need to change anything at all."
2. B"Stop the lithium today so that it is out of your body before you get pregnant."
3. C"Please don't stop your lithium on your own. Let's arrange for you to plan this with your prescriber before you conceive."
4. D"You'll need to choose between treating your bipolar disorder and having a baby."

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Suhu seorang pasien adalah 38,3 °C. Konversikan ke derajat Fahrenheit T dengan °F = °C × 9/5 + 32. Bulatkan ke satu tempat desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah infus dimulai pada 21:45 dan selesai pada 08:55 keesokan paginya (jam 24 jam). Berapa menit t infus itu berjalan?

Seorang pasien berbobot 15 kg. Dosis yang diresepkan 30 mg/kg per hari, diberikan dalam 3 dosis yang sama. Berapa miligram D yang diberikan per dosis?

Seorang anak dengan berat badan 28 kg diresepkan 20 mg/kg per dosis suspensi oral yang mengandung 100 mg dalam 5 mL. Berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Infuskan 250 mL selama 4 jam dengan set 20 tts/mL. Tentukan laju tetesan R dalam tetes per menit. Bulatkan ke bilangan bulat terdekat.

Infus menetes dengan laju 50 tts/menit melalui set 20 tts/mL. Tersisa 600 mL di kantong. Berapa jam t lagi hingga kosong?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 12 jam. Berat badan pasien 50 kg. Cari rata-rata haluaran urine U dalam mL/kg/jam. Bulatkan ke dua angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah kantong 500 mL dijalankan dengan pompa pada 150 mL/h. Pada pukul 21:30, 150 mL sudah diinfuskan. Berapa jam t lagi sampai kantong kosong? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala jatuh Morse: riwayat jatuh dalam 3 bulan terakhir: tidak; diagnosis sekunder: tidak; alat bantu jalan: berpegangan pada perabot; terapi IV atau saline lock: tidak; cara berjalan: lemah; status mental: melebih-lebihkan atau melupakan batas kemampuannya. Cari total Morse MFS.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Gunakan bagan NEWS2 (SpO₂ skala 1) untuk observasi berikut: frekuensi napas 23/menit, SpO₂ 96% dengan oksigen tambahan, tekanan darah 92/56 mmHg, nadi 76/menit, sadar penuh, suhu 36,4 °C. Pasien termasuk kelompok risiko klinis yang mana? Klik kelompok itu.

1. 1rendah
2. 2rendah–sedang
3. 3sedang
4. 4tinggi