Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

Why should reddened skin over a bony area not be massaged?

1. AMassage makes the redness spread to other areas
2. BMassage can damage the deeper tissues further
3. CMassage is only allowed when done by a physiotherapist
4. DMassage hides early signs of infection

Seorang pasien yang bingung berulang kali mencoba memanjat pagar tempat tidur yang dinaikkan. Apa pendekatan yang paling aman?

1. AMengikat pergelangan tangan pasien ke tempat tidur
2. BMengkaji ulang dan mempertimbangkan alternatif seperti tempat tidur rendah dan observasi lebih ketat
3. CMenaikkan pagar lebih tinggi dan meninggalkan pasien sendirian di ruang yang tenang agar ia tenang
4. DMemberikan sedatif tanpa evaluasi medis

When should the transparent dressing over a peripheral IV site be changed?

1. AEvery hour, so the site can be cleaned again
2. BOnly when the patient asks for a new dressing
3. COnly when the IV catheter is removed, whatever its state
4. DWhen it is damp, loose or visibly soiled

Seorang pasien dengan kewaspadaan udara membutuhkan CT scan segera. Rencana mana yang benar?

1. APemindaian ditunda sampai pasien tidak lagi menular
2. BPasien bermasker, CT diberi tahu lebih dulu, petugas memakai respirator
3. CPasien pergi tanpa masker, dan ruang CT dibersihkan keesokan harinya
4. DPasien memakai respirator N95, sehingga petugas tidak memerlukan perlindungan

Seorang kepala ruangan perlu mengosongkan tempat tidur. Pasien mana yang paling tepat dipulangkan atau dipindahkan ke tingkat perawatan yang lebih rendah?

1. APneumonia, dengan kebutuhan oksigen yang naik semalam dari 2 menjadi 4 L/menit
2. BHari ke-3 setelah apendektomi tanpa komplikasi, sudah makan, dengan analgesik oral
3. CHari ke-1 setelah operasi usus dengan suhu baru 38,5 °C
4. DDirawat dua jam yang lalu dengan nyeri dada; hasil troponin masih menunggu

A patient at 34 weeks of pregnancy has painless, bright red vaginal bleeding. Which action should the nurse avoid?

1. AA vaginal examination
2. BMonitoring the fetal heart rate
3. CMeasuring the blood pressure and pulse
4. DWeighing the pads to estimate blood loss

Which measure helps prevent delirium in older inpatients?

1. AReorientation, glasses and hearing aids in use, and good sleep and hydration
2. BKeeping the lights on all night
3. CMoving the patient to a different bed each night to give them a change of scene
4. DRestricting fluids to avoid incontinence

A patient has a painful, punched-out ulcer on the toes, with a cold, pale foot and weak foot pulses. Which type of ulcer is most likely?

1. AA pressure ulcer from bed rest
2. BAn arterial ulcer
3. CA burn
4. DA venous ulcer

Seorang pasien yang dijadwalkan menerima digoksin memiliki kalium 3,1 mEq/L. Mengapa hasil ini penting?

1. AKalium rendah meningkatkan risiko toksisitas digoksin
2. BKalium rendah melindungi jantung dari efek samping digoksin
3. CKalium dan digoksin tidak berinteraksi
4. DKalium rendah membuat digoksin tidak efektif, sehingga dosis harus digandakan

The nurse teaches a patient with iron-deficiency anemia who is starting oral iron. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"
2. B"I'll keep the tablets out of reach of the children"
3. C"My stools may look darker while I take the tablets"
4. D"I can take it with orange juice to help absorption"

In which patient is bupropion contraindicated?

1. AA patient with seasonal allergies
2. BA patient who wants to stop smoking
3. CA patient with high blood cholesterol and a family history of it
4. DA patient with a seizure disorder or an eating disorder

A patient with asthma starts timolol eye drops for glaucoma and soon becomes wheezy. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ATimolol is absorbed and blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways
2. BThe eye drops contain an allergen that causes hay fever and asthma
3. CTimolol activates histamine receptors in the lungs
4. DThe wheeze is unrelated to the eye drops

During airway suctioning, when should suction be applied?

1. AOnly while withdrawing the catheter
2. BOnly while inserting the catheter
3. CContinuously for at least 30 seconds
4. DBefore the catheter enters the airway

A 74-year-old man with a known abdominal aortic aneurysm suddenly has severe back and abdominal pain. His heart rate is 128/min and BP 82/50 mmHg. What is the priority?

1. ACall for emergency help and prepare for urgent vascular surgery
2. BGive oral analgesia and reassess the pain in an hour
3. CArrange a routine outpatient ultrasound scan of the aneurysm
4. DEncourage him to walk to ease the back pain

During continuous bladder irrigation, 3200 mL drains out in a shift. 2500 mL of irrigation fluid was put in. What is the true urine output?

1. A700 mL
2. B5700 mL
3. C3200 mL
4. D2500 mL

Seorang pasien berventilator mengalami cedera otak traumatik. Target PaCO₂ mana yang biasanya dituju, kecuali herniasi akan segera terjadi?

1. APaCO₂ rendah akibat hiperventilasi berkepanjangan
2. BPaCO₂ normal (normokapnia)
3. CPaCO₂ berapa pun, karena tidak memengaruhi TIK
4. DPaCO₂ tinggi untuk membuka pembuluh serebral

Pada periode mana setelah operasi dehisensi luka paling mungkin terjadi?

1. ALebih dari setahun setelah operasi
2. BHanya selama operasi
3. CSekitar 5–10 hari setelah operasi
4. DDalam satu jam pertama

A patient arrives in the anaesthetic room without an identity band. What should the nurse do?

1. AProceed because the patient can say their name
2. BProceed and add a band once in recovery
3. CStop and confirm identity, then apply a band
4. DUse the spare identity band from the front of the patient's notes folder

Why are afterpains often stronger in multiparous women?

1. ATheir uterus is always infected
2. BThey produce no oxytocin after birth
3. CTheir uterus contracts and relaxes more irregularly
4. DThey have a smaller uterus than first-time mothers

A woman in active labour has been at 6 cm for 4 hours despite regular contractions. Which factor among the "5 Ps" should the nurse consider first?

1. AThe pulse rate during contractions
2. BThe passenger: fetal size, position or presentation
3. CThe past history of her mother's labour
4. DThe placenta: whether it is anterior or posterior

Which signs suggest digoxin toxicity in a child?

1. AIncreased appetite, extra energy and rapid weight gain over a few days
2. BFast heart rate with high blood pressure
3. CHigh fever with a spreading red rash
4. DNausea, vomiting, poor feeding and a slow heart rate

A 25 kg child needs maintenance IV fluids. Using the 100–50–20 rule, what is the hourly rate?

1. AAbout 67 mL per hour
2. BAbout 50 mL per hour
3. CAbout 25 mL per hour
4. DAbout 104 mL per hour

Which group of signs suggests drug-induced pseudoparkinsonism in a patient taking haloperidol?

1. ARestless pacing and an inability to sit still
2. BLip smacking, tongue thrusting and grimacing after years of treatment
3. CSudden muscle spasm of the neck with the eyes rolled upwards
4. DShuffling gait, mask-like face, rigidity and a resting tremor

In the working phase of the relationship, a patient who has been talking openly starts missing sessions and changes the subject whenever her childhood is mentioned. What is the best interpretation?

1. AShe no longer needs any help, so the sessions should end at once
2. BThe nurse has made a serious mistake and should hand her care to a colleague immediately
3. CShe is being rude to the nurse on purpose and should be warned
4. DShe may be showing resistance as painful topics come closer, which the nurse can gently explore

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang bayi baru lahir memiliki berat 6 lb 12 oz. Dengan 1 lb = 16 oz dan 1 kg = 2,2 lb, cari berat m dalam kilogram. Bulatkan ke dua tempat desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah infus dimulai pada 20:30 dan selesai pada 05:20 keesokan paginya (jam 24 jam). Berapa menit t infus itu berjalan?

Seorang pasien berbobot 18 kg. Dosis yang diresepkan 2 mg/kg per hari, diberikan dalam 4 dosis yang sama. Berapa miligram D yang diberikan per dosis?

Seorang anak dengan berat badan 28 kg diresepkan 15 mg/kg per dosis suspensi oral yang mengandung 100 mg dalam 5 mL. Berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Sebuah infus menetes 30 gtt/min melalui set 15 gtt/mL. Berapa mililiter V yang diterima pasien dalam 3 jam?

Infus berisi 400 mg dalam 500 mL berjalan pada 3 mL/h. Berapa mikrogram per menit D yang diterima pasien?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 8 jam. Infus IV berjalan dengan laju yang ditunjukkan selama seluruh shift. Cari keseimbangan cairan B = asupan − haluaran dalam mL (jawaban negatif berarti kehilangan bersih).

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah kantong 500 mL dimulai pada pukul 13:45 dan dijalankan dengan pompa pada 80 mL/h. Berapa mL V yang tersisa di kantong pada pukul 16:15?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala Braden: persepsi sensorik: tidak ada gangguan; kelembapan: selalu lembap; aktivitas: terbaring di tempat tidur; mobilitas: sama sekali tidak bergerak; nutrisi: sangat buruk; gesekan dan geseran: berpotensi bermasalah. Cari total Braden B.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Pada menit ke-1 setelah lahir, seorang bayi baru lahir latihan memiliki kulit merah muda di seluruh tubuh, denyut jantung 80/menit, meringis saat dirangsang, sedikit fleksi pada lengan dan tungkai, dan napas lambat dan tidak teratur dengan tangis lemah. Hitung skor APGAR dan klik bagaimana skor itu diinterpretasikan.

1. 1menenangkan
2. 2abnormal sedang
3. 3rendah