Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

Why might a nurse use silence during a conversation with a patient?

1. AIt gives the patient time to think and say more
2. BIt ends the conversation politely
3. CIt shows the patient that the nurse is busy and wants to move on
4. DIt lets the nurse plan the next task

During a sterile dressing change, the nurse's sterile glove touches the bed rail. What should the nurse do?

1. AWipe the glove with an alcohol swab and carry on with the dressing change
2. BPut a second pair of sterile gloves over the first pair
3. CCarry on, as the bed rail was cleaned that morning
4. DRemove the gloves, perform hand hygiene and put on new sterile gloves

Saat area steril sedang disiapkan, perawat berbalik membelakanginya untuk menjawab pertanyaan. Apa yang benar?

1. AArea dianggap terkontaminasi dan harus disiapkan ulang
2. BHanya alat yang paling dekat dengan perawat yang perlu diganti
3. CArea tetap steril karena tidak ada yang menyentuhnya selama itu
4. DArea dapat digunakan bila ditutup sesudahnya

A patient on a general ward for two days is found to have smear-positive pulmonary TB. What should the nurse do besides moving the patient to an airborne isolation room?

1. ATell all the exposed patients to start TB drugs at once, before any testing
2. BInform infection prevention so exposed patients and staff can be identified and followed up
3. CNothing more, because the patient has now been isolated
4. DClose the ward to all new admissions for a full year

Pasien mana yang dapat dengan aman ditemui perawat terakhir?

1. APasien dengan sakit kepala hebat mendadak
2. BPasien dua jam setelah operasi dengan denyut jantung naik dari 88 menjadi 118/menit
3. CPasien PPOK dengan oksigen 1 L/menit, SpO₂ 90% (target 88–92%), berbicara dalam kalimat penuh
4. DPasien dengan ronki baru dan dahak berbuih merah muda

A visitor on the ward becomes threatening and shows a knife. What is the nurse’s priority?

1. ATry to take the knife away from the visitor straight away before anyone is hurt
2. BArgue with the visitor to persuade them to leave
3. CIgnore the visitor and carry on with patient care
4. DMove away to safety, keep others away and call security or the police

A patient without diabetes is started on high-dose prednisolone. Why might capillary blood glucose be monitored?

1. ASteroids make glucose meters inaccurate
2. BSteroids destroy the pancreas
3. CSteroids always cause hypoglycaemia
4. DSteroids can raise the blood glucose

A patient with myasthenia gravis develops increasing difficulty swallowing and weak, shallow breathing. What is the main danger?

1. ASevere hypertension from anxiety
2. BA urinary tract infection
3. CRespiratory failure from a myasthenic crisis
4. DA sudden rise in blood glucose from the stress

A patient starts lisinopril (an ACE inhibitor). Which laboratory values should the nurse expect to be monitored?

1. ACalcium and phosphate
2. BPotassium and creatinine
3. CTSH and free T₄
4. DALT and bilirubin

A patient without symptoms has a finger-stick glucose of 340 mg/dL (18,9 mmol/L). The previous values were normal, and the patient has just peeled an orange. What should the nurse do first?

1. AReport the result as a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
2. BAsk the laboratory to measure HbA1c from the same drop of blood
3. CHave the patient wash and dry their hands, then repeat the test
4. DGive a correction dose of insulin for a glucose of 340 mg/dL

Bagaimana metformin terutama menurunkan glukosa darah?

1. AMetformin menggantikan insulin yang kurang
2. BMetformin mengurangi produksi glukosa oleh hati
3. CMetformin memblokir penyerapan glukosa di ginjal
4. DMetformin merangsang pelepasan insulin dari pankreas

A patient on methadone is also prescribed diazepam for anxiety. What is the main safety concern?

1. AMethadone causes diazepam to be excreted very quickly
2. BSevere hypertension from the combination
3. CAdditive sedation and respiratory depression
4. DDiazepam blocks the effect of methadone completely

Why must intravenous potassium chloride never be given as a rapid push or undiluted?

1. AIt immediately lowers the blood glucose to dangerous levels
2. BIt works only when given by mouth
3. CA sudden high potassium level can cause cardiac arrest
4. DIt turns into solid crystals inside the vein and blocks it

A ventilated patient suddenly desaturates to 82%. The cause is not obvious and the ventilator alarms are sounding. What should the nurse do first?

1. ASilence the alarm and wait for the result of the next routine blood gas
2. BChange the ventilator settings to a higher rate
3. CDisconnect and hand-ventilate with 100% oxygen while calling for help
4. DIncrease the sedation and watch the monitor for the next half hour

A kidney transplant recipient asks about travel vaccines. Which statement is correct?

1. AVaccines will cause the kidney to be rejected
2. BOnly live vaccines are effective after a transplant
3. CAll vaccines are completely safe after a transplant
4. DLive vaccines are usually avoided

Selama hemodialisis, TD pasien turun menjadi 80/50 mmHg dan ia merasa pusing dan mual. Apa tindakan keperawatan pertama yang paling tepat?

1. AMembaringkan pasien datar, mengurangi pengeluaran cairan, dan meminta bantuan
2. BMemberikan dosis antihipertensi biasa pasien segera
3. CMeningkatkan laju pengeluaran cairan agar sesi selesai lebih cepat
4. DMendudukkan pasien tegak dan mendorong berjalan sebentar

How is the height of an epidural sensory block usually checked?

1. ATesting sensation to cold with ice or a cold spray
2. BTapping the knee with a reflex hammer and recording the score
3. CChecking the colour of the patient's urine
4. DMeasuring the patient's blood glucose level

Four patients are on a gastroenterology ward. Which should the nurse see first?

1. AA patient with an ileostomy waiting to change the pouch
2. BA patient with GORD who wants an antacid
3. CA patient with cirrhosis who is newly confused and drowsy
4. DA patient with stable ulcerative colitis asking about diet

A woman at 16 weeks has an amniocentesis. Which instruction after the procedure is correct?

1. AReport fever, leaking fluid or bleeding
2. BBed rest is required for 2 weeks
3. CDrink no fluids for 24 hours
4. DNo follow-up is needed for any symptoms

Suhu aksila bayi baru lahir adalah 36,0 °C. Apa tindakan pertama yang paling tepat?

1. AMembiarkan bayi tanpa pakaian di boks bayi untuk mengamati warna kulit dengan cermat
2. BLangsung memandikan bayi dengan air hangat
3. CMenunggu observasi rutin berikutnya
4. DMenempatkan bayi kulit ke kulit dengan ibu, ditutupi selimut, dengan topi terpasang

Mengapa aspirin digunakan pada penyakit Kawasaki padahal biasanya dihindari pada anak?

1. AMengurangi peradangan dan risiko bekuan pada arteri koroner, di bawah pengawasan spesialis
2. BDigunakan hanya sebagai pereda nyeri untuk ruam dan nyeri sendi, dan dihentikan setelah demam mereda
3. CMenyembuhkan infeksi yang menyebabkan penyakit tersebut
4. DMencegah sindrom Reye

A teenager with severe anorexia nervosa starts nutritional rehabilitation. Which blood result is most important to watch in the first days?

1. AAmylase
2. BBilirubin
3. CCholesterol
4. DPhosphate

A patient taking oxycodone for chronic pain has also been prescribed diazepam. What is the main safety concern?

1. AIncreased sedation and respiratory depression
2. BThe diazepam will block the pain-relieving effect of oxycodone
3. CThere is no interaction between these two drugs
4. DThe combination will cause high blood pressure

For the last 3 years a man has had frequent periods of mildly raised mood and periods of low mood. None has been severe enough to count as hypomania or a major depressive episode. Which diagnosis fits best?

1. AMajor depressive disorder
2. BCyclothymic disorder
3. CBipolar I disorder
4. DBipolar II disorder

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien memiliki tinggi 173 cm. Dengan 1 in = 2,54 cm, cari tinggi h dalam inci. Bulatkan ke satu tempat desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Selama satu shift seorang pasien mengonsumsi 2½ tsp dari sirup batuk, ¾ cangkir dari teh, 3 tbsp dari suplemen cair, 8 fl oz dari jus. Dengan ekuivalen yang diberikan, cari total asupan oral V dalam mL.

Berapa miligram obat m yang terdapat dalam 50 mL larutan 2% (b/v)?

Resepnya 5100 unit obat yang tersedia sebagai 10000 unit/mL. Tarik dosis dalam alat suntik 1 mL: berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Sebuah infus menetes 40 gtt/min melalui set 20 gtt/mL. Berapa mililiter V yang diterima pasien dalam 4 jam?

500 mg obat diencerkan dalam 500 mL dan diberikan dengan gravitasi melalui set 60 gtt/mL. Resepnya 100 mg per jam. Tentukan laju tetes R dalam tetes per menit.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 8 jam. Berat badan pasien 84 kg. Cari rata-rata haluaran urine U dalam mL/kg/jam. Bulatkan ke dua angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah kantong 1000 mL dimulai pada pukul 07:45 dan dijalankan dengan pompa pada 80 mL/h. Berapa mL V yang tersisa di kantong pada pukul 15:45?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Gunakan bagan NEWS2 (SpO₂ skala 1) untuk observasi berikut: frekuensi napas 20/menit, SpO₂ 97% dengan udara ruangan, tekanan darah 112/68 mmHg, nadi 70/menit, sadar penuh, suhu 38,8 °C. Berapa total skor NEWS2?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala Braden: persepsi sensorik: sangat terbatas; kelembapan: kadang-kadang lembap; aktivitas: hanya bisa duduk di kursi; mobilitas: sama sekali tidak bergerak; nutrisi: sangat baik; gesekan dan geseran: berpotensi bermasalah. Gunakan kategori 19–23 tidak berisiko, 15–18 ringan, 13–14 sedang, 10–12 tinggi, dan 9 atau kurang sangat tinggi. Klik tingkat risikonya.

1. 1tidak berisiko
2. 2risiko ringan
3. 3risiko sedang
4. 4risiko tinggi
5. 5risiko sangat tinggi