Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

Seorang pasien hanya sedikit berbahasa Inggris. Siapa yang harus menerjemahkan dalam diskusi persetujuan yang penting?

1. AJuru bahasa medis profesional
2. BStaf mana pun yang tahu beberapa kata dalam bahasa itu
3. CPengunjung di tempat tidur sebelah
4. DAnak pasien yang masih kecil

Seorang pasien yang kini tidak berkapasitas telah membuat advance decision yang sah dan berlaku untuk menolak suatu pengobatan penopang hidup tertentu. Apa yang harus dilakukan staf (Inggris dan Wales)?

1. AMengikuti advance decision dan tidak memberikan pengobatan tersebut
2. BMengabaikannya, karena hanya keinginan lisan yang berlaku
3. CMeminta keluarga membatalkannya
4. DMemberikan pengobatan karena pasien tidak dapat memutuskan sekarang

An older adult has trouble getting in and out of the bath. Which measures make bathing safer?

1. ABath oil to help the person slide in and out
2. BA loose rug beside the tub to stand on
3. CLocking the bathroom door for privacy
4. DA shower chair, grab bars and a non-slip mat

Who should mark the operative site before surgery?

1. AThe admitting clerk, using the information written on the consent form
2. BAny member of the operating room team after anesthesia starts
3. CThe person who will perform the procedure, with the patient involved where possible
4. DThe patient, alone, using a marker pen at home on the night before surgery

Seorang pasien bertanya kepada asisten keperawatan tentang efek samping obat baru. Apa yang harus dilakukan asisten?

1. AMenjelaskan efek samping yang tercantum dalam leaflet pasien untuk obat tersebut
2. BMencari obat itu secara daring dan membacakan isinya
3. CMenenangkan pasien bahwa efek samping jarang terjadi
4. DMengatakan bahwa perawat akan datang untuk menjawab, dan memberi tahu perawat

Two call lights go on at the same time. One patient has pain of 7/10 after surgery. The other is a confused patient at high risk of falls who is climbing out of bed alone. Who does the nurse go to first?

1. AThe confused patient climbing out of bed
2. BThe patient in pain after surgery
3. CWhichever patient’s room is closer to the station
4. DThe patient whose call light went on first

Seorang pasien dengan neutropenia setelah kemoterapi memiliki suhu 38,3 °C. Apa prioritasnya?

1. ATunggu 24 jam untuk melihat apakah demam mereda
2. BBerikan parasetamol saja dan periksa ulang suhu besok
3. CAnjurkan pasien berjalan-jalan
4. DTangani sebagai sepsis neutropenik dan segera berikan antibiotik IV

Which action is most important in protecting a patient with severe neutropenia from infection?

1. ATaking rectal temperatures regularly
2. BGiving routine intramuscular injections
3. CStrict hand hygiene by everyone who has contact with the patient
4. DKeeping fresh flowers and plants in the room to help the patient's mood

A nurse completed the hepatitis B vaccine series. Which result shows protective immunity?

1. AA positive HBsAg test
2. BA raised ALT level
3. CAnti-HBs of 10 mIU/mL or more
4. DA positive IgM anti-HBc

Ten days after chemotherapy, a patient has a platelet count of 9 × 10³/µL and reports a sudden severe headache and blurred vision. What is the priority?

1. AAssess neurological status and report it at once as possible brain bleeding
2. BDim the lights and encourage rest, as headaches are common after chemotherapy
3. CEncourage the patient to drink more fluids and check the blood pressure later
4. DGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) for the headache and reassess in 1 hour

How should oral potassium chloride tablets be taken?

1. ACrushed and dissolved under the tongue
2. BOn an empty stomach with only a small sip of water, then lie down
3. CWith food and plenty of water, swallowed whole if slow-release
4. DLying down straight after the dose

A 19-year-old woman is starting isotretinoin for severe acne. Which requirement is most important?

1. ATaking the drug only at weekends
2. BA high-vitamin A diet to boost the effect
3. CReliable contraception and pregnancy tests, as it is highly teratogenic
4. DWeekly hearing tests and monthly eye examinations during treatment

How big should a suction catheter be compared with the tracheostomy or endotracheal tube?

1. AAny size, as the diameter does not matter
2. BLarger than the tube, so that it clears it completely
3. CNo more than half the internal diameter of the tube
4. DExactly the same diameter as the tube, for a tight fit

A patient is listed for coronary angiography in the morning. Which pre-procedure result should the nurse report to the team?

1. AA normal platelet count
2. BA haemoglobin in the normal range
3. CA markedly reduced eGFR
4. DA blood glucose of 5,4 mmol/L (97 mg/dL)

A patient with a spinal cord injury can still feel a light touch around the anus. What does this show?

1. AThe sensation is only a spinal reflex and has no real meaning for recovery
2. BThe injury is complete, and recovery is not possible
3. CThe injury is incomplete, which suggests a better chance of recovery
4. DThe patient has an injury of the brain, not the cord

During a water deprivation test for suspected diabetes insipidus, the patient loses more than 3% of body weight and becomes hypotensive. What should the nurse do?

1. AContinue the test, because this result is expected
2. BGive the patient a large drink and then restart the test
3. CGive desmopressin without a prescription
4. DStop the test and inform the doctor

Apa prioritas pertama saat pasien tiba di ruang pemulihan setelah anestesi umum?

1. ABalutan luka dan drain
2. BSegelas air
3. CJalan napas dan pernapasan
4. DRiwayat obat

A 62-year-old with known reflux reports burning central chest pain with sweating and breathlessness that began while walking. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive an antacid and reassess the pain in an hour
2. BBook a routine endoscopy for later in the week
3. CRecord a 12-lead ECG and escalate as possible cardiac pain
4. DAdvise the patient to avoid spicy food at future meals

A woman says she uses cannabis daily to manage nausea in pregnancy. What is the best nursing response?

1. AExplain the risks without judgement and offer safer treatments
2. BAdvise her to switch to tobacco instead
3. CRefuse to continue her care until she stops
4. DTell her that cannabis is a natural remedy and safe in pregnancy

A newborn has a small upper lip with a smooth philtrum, short eye openings and a small head. Which exposure during pregnancy should be considered?

1. AFolic acid
2. BParacetamol (acetaminophen)
3. CAlcohol
4. DCaffeine

Which advice is best for a baby with mild nappy rash?

1. AApply talcum powder thickly at every nappy change
2. BChange nappies often, clean gently, use a barrier cream and allow nappy-free time
3. CUse tighter nappies so that less urine reaches the skin
4. DWipe with perfumed baby wipes at every change to kill the bacteria on the skin

During an insulin infusion for diabetic ketoacidosis, why is potassium monitored closely?

1. APotassium has no role in DKA; it is a routine test only
2. BInsulin causes the kidneys to hold on to potassium, so blood levels rise dangerously
3. CInsulin moves potassium into the cells, so blood potassium can fall sharply
4. DPotassium is needed to dissolve the insulin in the drip

How should a patient take sublingual buprenorphine-naloxone tablets?

1. ALet the tablet dissolve completely under the tongue without chewing or swallowing it
2. BSwallow the tablet whole with a large glass of water
3. CChew the tablet quickly and then swallow it with juice so that it reaches the stomach faster
4. DCrush the tablet and mix it with a spoonful of soft food such as yoghurt

Seorang pasien bulimia nervosa memiliki kalium serum 2,8 mmol/L. Apa kekhawatiran utamanya?

1. ARisiko kenaikan berat badan
2. BNafsu makan meningkat
3. CKekuatan otot membaik
4. DRisiko aritmia jantung yang mengancam nyawa

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Perhitungan dosis untuk suatu suntikan menghasilkan 13,2237 mL. Aturan dalam latihan ini adalah volume 1 mL atau lebih dibulatkan ke persepuluhan mL terdekat. Nilai x berapa yang Anda catat?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah infus dimulai pada 20:45 dan selesai pada 01:25 keesokan paginya (jam 24 jam). Berapa menit t infus itu berjalan?

Seorang anak dengan berat 20 kg diresepkan 5 mg/kg suatu obat. Larutan stok mengandung 25 mg/mL. Tarik dosisnya: berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Seorang anak dengan berat badan 20 kg diresepkan 15 mg/kg per dosis suspensi oral yang mengandung 250 mg dalam 5 mL. Berapa volume V yang Anda berikan?

Infus diresepkan pada 25 mL/h, tetapi tidak ada pompa. Infus berjalan dengan gravitasi melalui set infus 60 gtt/mL. Tentukan laju tetes R dalam tetes per menit.

500 mL diresepkan selama 6 jam. Setelah 3 jam Anda mendapati masih ada 280 mL di kantong, dan infus tetap harus selesai tepat waktu. Berapa persen Δ laju pompa awal harus dinaikkan?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 8 jam. Infus IV berjalan dengan laju yang ditunjukkan selama seluruh shift. Cari total asupan I dalam mL.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah kantong 500 mL dijalankan dengan pompa pada 60 mL/h. Pada pukul 07:30, 150 mL sudah diinfuskan. Berapa jam t lagi sampai kantong kosong? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Gunakan bagan NEWS2 (SpO₂ skala 1) untuk observasi berikut: frekuensi napas 14/menit, SpO₂ 98% dengan oksigen tambahan, tekanan darah 92/56 mmHg, nadi 132/menit, sadar penuh, suhu 38,0 °C. Berapa total skor NEWS2?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Gunakan bagan NEWS2 (SpO₂ skala 1) untuk observasi berikut: frekuensi napas 14/menit, SpO₂ 97% dengan udara ruangan, tekanan darah 84/50 mmHg, nadi 44/menit, sadar penuh, suhu 37,7 °C. Pasien termasuk kelompok risiko klinis yang mana? Klik kelompok itu.

1. 1rendah
2. 2rendah–sedang
3. 3sedang
4. 4tinggi