Soal latihan bergaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): paket kilat

Why is high-flow oxygen often humidified?

1. ATo cool the patient's temperature
2. BTo stop the airways and secretions from drying out
3. CTo add medicine to the oxygen
4. DTo make the oxygen more concentrated before it reaches the lungs

Which postoperative finding should be reported most urgently?

1. AUrine output of 50 mL in the last hour
2. BPain score of 4/10 at the wound site when moving
3. CRespiratory rate 8/min and difficult to rouse
4. DTemperature 37,4 °C on the first day

A person in scrubs without a hospital ID badge asks to take a newborn to the nursery. What should the nurse do?

1. AHand over the baby if the person seems confident
2. BAsk the person their name and then give them the baby
3. CRefuse, keep the baby with the mother and alert security
4. DLet the parents decide whether to hand the baby over

Ten minutes into a red blood cell transfusion, the patient reports chills and low back pain and has a new fever. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive an antipyretic and continue the transfusion
2. BCall the blood bank and let the transfusion continue
3. CStop the transfusion
4. DSlow the transfusion and recheck vital signs in 15 minutes

On day 3 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes short of breath with sharp chest pain and an SpO₂ of 88%. What should the nurse do first?

1. ARaise the head of the bed, give oxygen and call for urgent help
2. BMassage the patient’s calves to ease any muscle cramp
3. CEncourage the patient to walk to improve the circulation
4. DGive the next dose of oral analgesia and reassess the patient in an hour

During birth, the baby’s head delivers but the shoulders do not follow. What should the nurse do first?

1. APush firmly on the top of the uterus (fundal pressure)
2. BAsk the mother to stop pushing and wait an hour
3. CPull hard on the baby’s head and neck to free the trapped shoulders quickly
4. DHelp with the McRoberts position and give suprapubic pressure as directed

Which group of features is typical of nephrotic syndrome?

1. APolyuria, thirst and weight loss
2. BSevere loin pain and fever
3. CBlood in the urine, high blood pressure and reduced urine output only
4. DHeavy proteinuria, low serum albumin and oedema

Which nursing measure helps reduce raised intracranial pressure?

1. ARaising the head of the bed to about 30° with the head kept midline
2. BFrequent suctioning and encouraging strong coughing
3. CTilting the patient head-down
4. DLying the patient flat with the neck flexed forward on two pillows

A patient takes low-dose methotrexate weekly for rheumatoid arthritis. Which laboratory tests are monitored regularly?

1. AComplete blood count, liver tests and kidney function
2. BSerum lithium, sodium and urine specific gravity
3. CTroponin, creatine kinase and myoglobin
4. DSerum amylase, lipase and blood ketones

A patient taking an SGLT2 inhibitor has nausea and fast breathing. Glucose 190 mg/dL (10,5 mmol/L), pH 7,15, bicarbonate 10 mEq/L, blood ketones high. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. AEuglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis
2. BHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
3. CRespiratory acidosis from COPD
4. DSimple fasting ketosis only

1000 mL of IV fluid is to be given over 8 hours with a pump. What rate should be set?

1. A125 mL/h
2. B80 mL/h
3. C100 mL/h
4. D250 mL/h

Mengapa penyekat beta dapat menutupi tanda peringatan hipoglikemia pada penyandang diabetes?

1. AObat ini meredam gejala adrenergik seperti gemetar dan berdebar
2. BObat ini menghentikan pelepasan insulin sepenuhnya
3. CObat ini menaikkan gula darah sehingga hipoglikemia sama sekali tidak dapat terjadi
4. DObat ini menyebabkan demam yang menyembunyikan keringat

After thrombolysis for a myocardial infarction, which complication is the nurse most concerned to detect?

1. AA high blood glucose caused by the thrombolytic drug itself
2. BConstipation from bed rest
3. CBleeding, including a sudden change in neurological status
4. DA skin rash appearing at the sites of the ECG electrodes

Hours after surgery to restore blood flow to an ischaemic leg, the patient has severe calf pain that is worse when the toes are moved passively, and the calf feels tense. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ACramp from lying still in bed
2. BCompartment syndrome from reperfusion swelling
3. CExpected postoperative pain from the leg wound
4. DA superficial thrombophlebitis of the long saphenous vein

A patient with multiple sclerosis says their symptoms get worse after a hot bath. What should the nurse explain?

1. AHot baths cause new areas of damage in the brain
2. BHeat can briefly worsen MS symptoms, which settle when they cool down
3. CThis shows that the disease has entered a new progressive stage
4. DThey should take very cold baths to reverse the damage

A patient with motor neurone disease reports morning headaches, poor sleep and sleepiness during the day. What do these symptoms suggest?

1. ALow mood, which should be treated with an antidepressant first
2. BWeak breathing at night, so a review for ventilation support
3. CA side effect of riluzole, which should be stopped straight away by the nurse
4. DNormal tiredness that needs no specific action

Why are many patients screened for MRSA before planned surgery?

1. ASo that carriers can be decolonised to reduce infection
2. BSo that surgery can be cancelled for all positive patients
3. CTo check whether the patient has had a flu vaccine
4. DTo decide which anaesthetic drug to use

Four patients are on a gastroenterology ward. Which should the nurse see first?

1. AA patient with GORD who wants an antacid
2. BA patient with an ileostomy waiting to change the pouch
3. CA patient with cirrhosis who is newly confused and drowsy
4. DA patient with stable ulcerative colitis asking about diet

A woman at 20 weeks says her gums bleed when she brushes her teeth. What is the best advice?

1. AAvoid all dental visits until after the baby is born
2. BReport it at once because it is a sign of a clotting disorder
3. CUse a soft brush and keep up routine dental care
4. DStop brushing until the bleeding has settled after birth

A woman in her first antenatal visit discloses that her partner hits her. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

1. ARecord it but avoid discussing it further to protect her privacy
2. BAsk her partner to join the conversation to hear both sides
3. CAdvise her that the violence will probably stop now that she is pregnant
4. DTalk with her alone, assess her safety and offer support

Seorang anak berusia 3 tahun yang dulu berbicara dengan kalimat pendek kini berhenti berbicara dan tidak lagi merespons namanya. Apa poin yang paling penting?

1. AIni adalah regresi normal pada usia ini
2. BHilangnya keterampilan yang sebelumnya sudah dicapai pada usia berapa pun memerlukan pengkajian segera
3. CBerarti anak lelah dan baru perlu diperiksa setahun lagi
4. DBahasa berkembang secara melompat-lompat, jadi ini diharapkan

A child has a swollen, red eyelid with fever, pain on moving the eye and blurred vision. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AOrbital cellulitis, which needs urgent review and IV antibiotics
2. BAn insect bite, which needs only a cold compress
3. CA stye, which will drain on its own with warm compresses
4. DSimple conjunctivitis, treated with eye drops at home

In families of people with schizophrenia, which pattern of "high expressed emotion" is linked to a higher rate of relapse?

1. AEncouraging the patient to take part in activities
2. BFrequent criticism, hostility and emotional over-involvement
3. CCalm, supportive and warm communication
4. DRegular contact with the care team and other families

A patient who stopped drinking 24 hours ago has a generalised tonic-clonic seizure in bed. What is the nurse's first action?

1. AGive oral thiamine with a glass of water
2. BPut something in his mouth to stop him biting his tongue
3. CProtect the airway and keep him safe from injury
4. DRestrain his arms and legs to stop the movements

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah dosis dicatat pada 9:05 PM. Entri mana yang merupakan waktu yang sama pada jam 24 jam? Klik entri itu.

1. 120:05
2. 209:05
3. 321:05
4. 422:05

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Selama satu shift seorang pasien mengonsumsi ¾ cangkir dari teh, ½ tbsp dari suplemen cair, 1½ tsp dari sirup batuk, ½ fl oz dari jus. Dengan ekuivalen yang diberikan, cari total asupan oral V dalam mL.

Diperlukan dosis 300 mg dari larutan 10% (b/v). Volume berapa V yang mengandung dosis ini?

Seorang pasien memiliki berat 30,8 lb. Resepnya 5 mg/kg sebagai dosis tunggal, dan stoknya berisi 40 mg dalam 1 mL. Dengan 1 kg = 2,2 lb, berapa volume V yang Anda berikan? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

1500 mL diresepkan selama 10 jam. Setelah 4 jam Anda mendapati masih ada 1030 mL di kantong, dan infus tetap harus selesai tepat waktu. Ke laju berapa R dalam mL/h pompa harus diatur ulang?

Sebuah kantong berisi 4 g obat dalam 1000 mL. Resepnya 3 mg per menit. Pada laju berapa R Anda mengatur pompa, dalam mL/h?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Catatan menunjukkan asupan dan haluaran seorang pasien selama satu shift 8 jam. Infus IV berjalan dengan laju yang ditunjukkan selama seluruh shift. Cari total asupan I dalam mL.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Sebuah infus 500 mL dimulai pada pukul 15:00 dengan laju 75 mL/h. Setelah 4 jam lajunya diubah menjadi 60 mL/h dan tidak diubah lagi. Berapa jam t setelah dimulai kantong akan kosong? Bulatkan ke satu angka desimal.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang pasien latihan dinilai dengan skala jatuh Morse: riwayat jatuh dalam 3 bulan terakhir: ya; diagnosis sekunder: ya; alat bantu jalan: tidak ada, tirah baring, atau dibantu perawat; terapi IV atau saline lock: tidak; cara berjalan: lemah; status mental: mengetahui batas kemampuannya. Cari total Morse MFS.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan pedoman klinis). Seorang dewasa memiliki berat 82 kg dan tinggi 159 cm. Hitung IMT dan klik kategori berat badan menurut WHO.

1. 1berat badan kurang
2. 2berat badan sehat
3. 3berat badan lebih
4. 4obesitas kelas I
5. 5obesitas kelas II
6. 6obesitas kelas III